Download Greek Study Guide Identification Tyrant

Greek Study Guide
Identification
Tyrant - a person who gains power by force
Ostracism - banishing a public figure
Parthenon - a Greek temple dedicated to the goddess Athena
Homer - the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey
Hippocrates - the Greek physician who set ethical standards for doctors
Herodotus - the Greek historian often called the “Father of History”
Citizen - a free resident of a Greek city-state
Pericles - an Athenian statesman who expanded democracy
Alexandria - the Egyptian cultural capital of the Hellenistic world
Polis - a Greek city-state, consisting of a city and the surrounding countryside
Monarchy – a government consisting of a king or queen
Aristocracy – a government in which the power lies in the hands of the land holding noble class
Oligarchy – a government in which the power lies in the hands of a few of the middle class elite
Democracy – a government in which individuals of the society get to vote on laws directly or individuals
to represent them
Minoans –an early civilization that formed on the island of Crete whose economy depended on trade
Dorians – a warrior group that invaded the Peloponnesus and eventually became the Spartans
Myceneans – a group that dominated early Greece and started the Trojan War because of their reliance
on trade
Socrates – a philosopher of Greece who was sentenced to death and freely drank poison
Plato – the philosopher apprentice of Socrates who did not trust democracy and came up with the idea
of a government composed of philosopher kings
Aristotle – a philosopher who taught that people should live by the “golden mean”, he also favored a
dictatorship or monarchy government
Zeno – a Hellenistic philosopher who taught that people could avoid disappointment in their lives by
accepting whatever life gave them
Sophocles – one of the most famous and successful Greek tragedians
Archimedes – wrote a book on modern geometry
Acropolis – the elevated part of the city that held the location of the temples
Zeus – the head god of Greek mythology
Aphrodite – the goddess of love and beauty
Dionysus- god of the grape harves
Short Answer
What is the difference between Sparta and Athens?
Sparta developed a society based on military training. The put little emphasis on education or
women’s rights.
Athens developed a society based on education and logical reasoning. It had minimum military
training. Women were given more rights here than anywhere else. It placed emphasis on
individual learning.
What can we infer from the frescoes on the palace walls in Knosses?
The frescoes tell us everything about Minoan way of life. They tell us that Minoans had games
in their society. They also tell us that trade and sea travel were very important to them.
What roles did women play in Sparta and Athens?
In Sparta, women took on many items of business around the household because the men were
often out at war. They were also responsible for staying in shape and having strong sons to fill
the ranks of the military.
In Athens, women stayed home and worked within their home unless the family was poor.
What were the impacts and results from the Greek victories in the Persian Wars?
Athens developed as the dominating city-state of Greece and formed the Delian League. They
also created the Greek cultural center by encouraging learning and the arts.
What was the impact of Greek literature in the form of tragedies and comedies? Define tragedies and
comedies. What was their purpose?
What were the policies of Athens under Pericles?
What does Greek architecture reflect?
What were the results of the Peloponnesian War?
What are some reasons that Alexander the Great was able to conquer Persia so easily?
How did trade and geography affect the development of the different people of Greece and lead to
multiple wars?
How did geography affect the outcome of the Peloponnesian War?
How did Alexander the Great spread Greek culture?