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CHAPTER 12: PARTS OF SPEECH
VERBS
V E R B – E X P R E S S E S A N AC T I O N O R A
S TAT E O F B E I N G ( L I N K I N G V E R B S )
AC T I O N V E R B S - T WO K I N D S
P H YS I C A L :
M E N TA L :
-JUMP
-THINK
-SHOUT
- WO R RY
- C A R RY
-BELIEVE
P H YS I C A L – T H E B OY WA S RU N N I N G
IN THE HALL.
M E N TA L – T H E G I R L R E M E M B E R E D T H E
SONG.
State of Being Verbs/Linking Verbs:
-be (am, are, is, was, were, been, being)
-became
-remain
-look
-taste
-seem
-feel
-appear
-grew
1.
2.
3.
Einstein became a famous scientist.
Wild animals remain free in Africa.
The watermelon looks ripe.
Verb Phrase – consists of a main verb and one or more
helping verbs
Helping verb
Main verb
Verb phrase
might have
taken
might have taken
may
arrive
may arrive
Note: NOT is never part of your verb phrase
1. We will be discussing this issue at a later date.
2. He would spend all his money at the arcade if his
mom would let him.
3. The newspaper has not arrived.
EXERCISES - EXTRA PRACTICE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Chapter 12 – VERBS
-page 371-376
- Exercises 1-3
Subject-Verb Agreement – the subject and the verb
must agree in tense and number
*Tense – shows the time of action or state of being
Present – places the action or state of being in the present find,
make, play
Past – places the action or condition in the past found, made,
played
Future - places action or condition in the future
will find, will make, shall play
*Number – singular or plural
They write letters to each other.
The girl writes a letter to her mother
TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERBS:
Transitive Verbs– expresses an action directed toward a person,
place, thing, or idea *they have a direct object
Direct Object: the word that receives the action of a verb. To
find the direct object, first find the verb. Then ask whom or
what after it.
Maria bought six oranges.
Verb – bought
Bought what? – oranges
Therefore, the direct object – is oranges
The network cancelled the show.
Verb – cancelled
Cancelled what? – show
Therefore, the direct object – is show
Intransitive Verb – verbs that express an action or tell
something about the subject without the action
passing to a receiver *there is no direct object
The difference:
The teacher read a poem. (Transitive)
The teacher read aloud. (Intransitive)
Janet swam ten laps.
(Transitive)
Janet swam well. (Intransitive)
PARTS OF SPEECH
• Noun- person, place, thing, or idea
– Ex. Person: girl
– Place: school
– Thing: dog
– Idea: happy
• Prounoun- a word that takes the place of a noun
• Ex.
I
me
us
they
we
he
she
them
her
him
PARTS OF SPEECH CONT.
• Verb- A verb is a word that shows action or state of being. The action
may be physical or mental.
– State of being Ex.
am
are
– Action Ex. run
think
dream
was
– Adverb- An adverb is a word that describes a verb. Adverbs
often end in –ly.
– Perfectly
completely
quickly
PARTS OF SPEECH CONT.
• Adjective- An adjective is a word that describes a noun or a pronoun.
Adjectives tell how many, what kind, or which one.
– Ex. happy
five
strong
this
more
green
–Preposition- A preposition relates a noun or pronoun to another in
the sentence.
•Ex. about
above
beyond
beside
across
•from
with
on
in
by
PARTS OF SPEECH CONT.
• Conjunction- A conjunction is a word that joins words or groups of
words.
– FANBOYS (coordinating conjunctions)
– for
and
nor
but
or
yet
so
• Interjection- An interjection is a word that expresses emotion or
strong feeling.
•
Ex. Uh oh
whew!
•
Yuck
yeah
Wow
Hey
Oh no