Download Classical conditioning(def.)

Name ____________________________________ Period___
Unit #5 – LEARNING, States of Consciousness
RG 6A
pg. 215-227
When you associate two things together, describe what you are doing. Give an example of two things you have associated
together.
What is Associative learning(def.)-?
Classical conditioning(def.):
BehaviorismFill out the chart below when reading about the components of Classical Conditioning
Term
Define/explain each term here
unconditioned stimulus
(UCS)
unconditioned response
(UCR)
conditioned stimulus (CS)
conditioned response (CR)
Acquisition
Timing?
Define:
Extinction
Spontaneous recovery
Generalization vs. discrimination
Extended Pavlov’s Understanding
Explain the ideas of predictability and expectancy
What was it in
Pavlov’s experiment?
How do cognitive processes influence classical conditioning?
Describe 2 of the ways that biological predispositions can affect learning by classical
conditioning.
Pavlov’s Legacy
Why does Pavlov’s work remain so important? (2 reasons)
Explain the famous study of J.B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner.
What significance does Watson’s experiment have on psychology today?
RG 6b
pg. 228-241
Operant Conditioning(def.)Respondent vs. operant behavior
Law of effect (Thorndike)-
Describe the “Skinner box” (operant chamber)
Define and explain the process of shaping:
Reinforcement(def.)Positive vs. negative reinforcement
Primary vs. conditioned reinforcers
Immediate vs. delayed reinforcers and their effects on humans
Reinforcement schedules:
Continuous vs. partial (intermittent) reinforcement
Explain the following schedules of partial reinforcement:
Term
Definition
Example
Fixed-ratio
Variable-ratio
Fixed-interval
Variableinterval
Punishment(def.)Positive vs. negative punishment
Describe some drawbacks to the use of physical punishment
Skinner did not believe that cognition played a factor in learning…however, research has shown that it does (especially
in studies of rats in mazes)
Cognitive map
Latent learning
Describe an example from YOUR life when latent learning has occurred
How do biological predispositions influence operant conditioning?
Explain how we see operant condition in the following places:
School
Sports
Work
Home
Observational learning(def.)-
RG 6c
pg. 242-249
Modeling (def.)What are mirror neurons?
Do they exist in humans too? Explain. Give an example of when humans use them.
Explain the basics of Bandura’s famous “Bobo Doll Experiment.” What have we learned from
it?
Prosocial models(def.)- -- how they influence people…
When are models most effective?
What happens when children are exposed to hypocrites?
Does viewing televised violence influence aggression? Explain.
STATES OF CONSCIOUSNESS
RG 6d
pg. 175-196
Consciousness=
Allows us to…
Biological rhythms=
Circadian rhythm
When during the day are we “sharpest”?
How has the light bulb affected out circadian rhythm?
Explain the sleep stages
Stage:
What happens to our mind and body in each stage?
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
What happens after stage 4?
Describe REM
How long will we sleep? How much sleep do we need?
Effects of sleep deprivation…
Explain the 4 sleep theories…
a. _________________________b. _________________________c. _________________________d. _________________________Explain the following sleep disorders…
● Insomnia
●
Narcolepsy
●
Sleep Apnea
●
Night Terrors
●
Sleepwalking
Dreams are…
What are lucid dreams?
Common content/themes of dreamsManifest vs. latent content
Why do we dream? (5 explanations)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
REM rebound
Hypnosis
Read PPT online and/or text to summarize the text’s main points of hypnosis
Psychoactive drugs-
RG 6E
pg. 197-210
Dependence and addiction
ToleranceWithdrawalPhysical dependencePsychological dependenceAddiction3 myths about addiction
1.
2.
3.
Psychoactive drugs (def.):
Depressants
Alcohol
list specific effects on the mind/body
Physical or
Psychologically
Addicting?
Barbiturates
Opiates
Stimulants
Amphetamines
Cocaine
Ecstasy
Hallucinogens
LSD
Marijuana
Influences on drug use
Biological influences
Psychological and social-cultural influence