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Chapter 4: Biodiversity and Evolution– Graphic Organizer (50 points) AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Name _____________________________________________________________ Date __________________ Graph Interpretation (5 points): Read about ecological niches, specialist species, and generalist species on pages 95 – 96and interpret Figure 4-13. Below, recreate the figure in your own terms using species other than the panda and raccoon. Explain why you chose those specific species. Analysis (5 points): Read about keystone species and foundation species on pages 99 – 101 as well as about the American Alligator. What critical role does a keystone species play? What is the importance of a foundation species? How would you experimentally determine whether an organism is a keystone species and/or a foundation species? Assess (5 points): Read page 84 about biomes and review Figure 4-5. How would traveling along the 39th parallel be? Describe biotic and abiotic components of each biome you would encounter and consider species of plants and animals you might encounter. Include information about the weather of each biome. 10 sentence minimum required. Identify (2 points): Read “Edward O. Willson: A Champion of Biodiversity” on page 85. Who is Edward O. Wilson? What was his contribution to ecology? Explain in your own terms the theory of island biogeography. Assess (3 points): What is speciation? Distinguish between geographic isolation and reproductive isolation and explain how they can lead to the formation of a new species. Distinguish between artificial selection and genetic engineering and give an example of each. 6 sentence minimum required. Define (10 points): Adapation adaptive trait background extinction Biological diversity differential reproduction ecological niche Endemic species extinction fossils Foundation species generalist species geographic isolation Indicator species keystone species mass extinction Mutations native species natural selection Niche nonnative species reproductive isolation Specialist species speciation species Species diversity theory of evolution