Download WARM-UP # 79 - East Hanover Township School District

Warm-Up # 85
What are sediments?
Rock Fragments, Mineral Grains, And
Bits Of Shell
Warm-Up # 86
Which rocks are the most common? Is
that the same as the type we most see at
Earth’s surface?
Igneous rocks are the most common rocks
on Earth, but because most of them exist
below the surface you might not have seen
too many of them.
75 percent of the rocks exposed at the
surface are sedimentary rocks
Warm-Up # 87
What is compaction?
• Where sediments are deposited, layer upon layer
builds up.
• Pressure from the upper layers pushes down on the
lower layers.
• If the sediments are small, they can stick together
and form solid rock. This process is called
compaction.
Warm-Up # 88
What is cementation?
If sediments are large, like sand and pebbles, pressure alone
can’t make them stick together
•Large sediments have to be cemented together.
•As water moves through soil and rock, it picks up materials
released from minerals during weathering.
•The resulting solution of water and dissolved materials moves
through open spaces between sediments.
•These dissolved materials act like glue.
Warm-Up # 89
What is the atmosphere?
The atmosphere is the layers of gases
surrounding the Earth.
WARM-UP # 90
What are the five layers of the atmosphere
from closest to the earth to the furthest?
HINT: The Strong Man’s Triceps Explode
WARM-UP # 90
What are the five layers of the atmosphere
from closest to the earth to the furthest?
Troposphere
Stratosphere
Mesosphere
Thermosphere
Exosphere
Warm-Up # 91
What creates weather?
The properties of air combined with the
energy from the sun.
Warm-Up # 92
What is air a mixture of?
Gases, liquid water, and microscopic
particles of solids and other liquids.
Warm-Up # 93
What are aerosols?
Solids in the atmosphere such as dust, salt,
pollen, and tiny liquid droplets such as acids.
Warm-Up # 94
What are the layers of the
atmosphere based on?
The layers are based on temperature
changes that occur with altitude.
Warm-Up # 95
What is global warming and what gas in the
atmosphere is making the earth hotter?
Global warming is the gradual increase in
the overall temperature of the earth's
atmosphere. It is primarily caused by
increased levels of carbon dioxide.
Warm-Up # 96
Where does most of the carbon dioxide in
the atmosphere come from?
1) Coal-burning power plants
2) Cars
Warm-Up # 97
Is Earth really getting warmer?
Yes. Earth is REALLY getting warmer.
There is agreement among the scientific community that the earth has warmed in the last
century. The world's most prestigious scientific bodies put it in a joint statement signed by
the heads of the national science academies in Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany,
India, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom and the US:
"Climate change is real. There will always be uncertainty in understanding a system as
complex as the world's climate. However there is now strong evidence that significant
global warming is occurring. The evidence comes from direct measurements of rising
surface air temperatures and subsurface ocean temperatures and from phenomena such
as increases in average global sea levels, retreating glaciers, and changes to many physical
and biological systems."
Warm-Up # 98
Why is global warming bad?
Global warming is causing damage in many parts of the
United States.
For example: Increased wildfires, dust storms, droughts,
less snow and smaller ice caps
Colorado, Arizona and Oregon have worse wildfire seasons now than ever. Droughts are creating severe
dust storms in Montana, Colorado and Kansas. Since the early 1950s, snow accumulation has declined 60
percent and winter seasons have shortened in some areas of the Cascade Range in Oregon and
Washington. The area of the Arctic's polar ice cap is getting smaller at the rate of 9 percent per decade.
Warm-Up # 99
What country is the largest source of global warming
pollution?
China produces 25% of the carbon dioxide.
Americans make up just 4 percent of the world's population but
we produce 18 percent of the carbon dioxide pollution.
We can make it better by reducing pollution from vehicles and power plants. We can
increase our reliance on renewable energy sources such as wind, sun and geothermal.
And we can manufacture more efficient appliances and conserve energy.
Warm-Up # 100 (aka #8)
What is the scientific method?
It is a simple method scientists use to conduct an
investigation.
It is a way to ask & answer scientific questions by asking
questions & conducting experiments.