Download Tendon : attaches muscle to bone

The Muscular System
Chapter 7
“I have husbandry”
What do we call the study of
muscles?
The Muscular System
• > 600 muscles
• > half of body weight
• Determines form
• Maintains posture
• Produces body heat
• Forms internal organs
Tendon : Attaches muscle to bone
Aponeuros:
Flat, ribbonlike tendon
Fascia : Encloses muscles and separates
them into groups
Ligament : Attaches bone to bone or bone to
cartilage
Attaching to a muscle…
Origin: The less movable of the two points
of attachment to a bone. Attaches to the
fixed part of the skeleton.
Insertion:
The point of attachment by a muscle to a
moveable bone. Moves when a muscle is
contracted.
Motor nerve: Causes a muscle to move by
stimulating a group of muscle fibers
Muscle cells
Speed of muscle movement varies with
muscle & size of structure to be moved…
Muscles are classified based on
function, shape, and structure…
Skeletal muscle:
• “Voluntary” because is controlled at will
• “Striated” because of striped microscopic
appearance
• Fibers become shorter and thicker when
muscle contracts
Striated Muscle
Smooth Muscle:
• Also called
visceral,
nonstriated or
involuntary
muscle
• Many internal
organs are
made of smooth
muscle…
bladder
uterus
Smooth muscle vs skeletal muscle
Cardiac muscle is involuntary but does show
very fine striations
cardiac
striated
smooth
Muscle Attachments:
• Attachment to tendons (phalanges) results in
movement and reduces bulk
• Voluntary muscles usually attach to bone.
o Attach to cartilage in larynx & thorax
Muscles may also be attached to skin,
mucous membranes or the fascia of other
muscles.