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What is Energy? p. 43 in ISN What is Energy? The ability to do work or cause change. Different forms of Energy • • • • • • Potential Kinetic Thermal, or heat Chemical Light Sound Potential Energy • Stored energy • Can be stored chemically as fuel, in the nucleus of an atom, and in foods. • Can also be stored because of the work done on it… For Example… Stretching a rubber band Winding a watch Lifting a brick high in the air Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) • Potential energy that is dependent on height Gravitational Potential Energy • A waterfall, a suspension bridge, and a falling snowflake all have gravitational potential energy. Kinetic Energy • Energy of motion • The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has. Examples A basketball player has kinetic energy. The movements that she does show the energy that is being displayed while she is moving. When you are running, walking, or jumping, your body is exhibiting kinetic energy. Can you think of an example of something that has both potential and kinetic energy? A waterfall has both kinetic and potential energy. The water at the top of the waterfall has stored potential energy. Once the water leaves the top of the waterfall, the potential energy is changed into kinetic energy. In Your Notebook….p.42 • Draw pictures of potential and kinetic energy • Write a summary underneath each picture describing what each type of energy is and how your pictures shows it. The Law of Conservation of Energy p. 45 in ISN Energy can be neither created nor destroyed by ordinary means. – It can only be converted from one form to another. Kinetic-Potential Energy Conversion Roller coasters work because of the energy that is built into the system. Initially, the cars are pulled mechanically up the tallest hill, giving them a lot of potential energy. From that point, the conversion between potential and kinetic energy powers the cars throughout the entire ride. Kinetic vs. Potential Energy At the point of maximum potential energy, the car has minimum kinetic energy. Kinetic-Potential Energy Conversions • As a basketball player throws the ball into the air, various energy conversions take place. Ball slows down Ball speeds up Energy Tree Diagrams • Energy Tree Diagrams show the types of energy involved in an interaction. • They show energy transfers that occur. Energy Tree Diagrams – Ovals – indicate the types of energy (kinestic, heat, GPE) – Arrows – indicate the energy transfers, either from type to type or from one interaction to another – Descriptions – explain the event linked to the energy transfer. Example Chemical Potential Energy Burning Log: Fire Crackles Log Burns Sound Energy Flame Glows Light is absorbed Light Energy Heat Energy Heat Energy Warms air Think of your wind-up toy… • On p. 44 in your ISN, draw a picture showing your wind-up toy’s adventure and label the types of energy you identify. • Use “Handout A: Types of Energy” to create an energy tree diagram with your group, tracking the energy in your toy’s adventure. • Write a 5 sentence summary about the notes from today.