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Focus 12/11 As Europe was struggling, a powerful new religion was forming in the Middle East. This was the Muslim faith of Islam. Islam is a monotheistic religion formed founded by Muhammad. According to Muslims, Muhammad was a prophet. Although Christians in Europe disagreed with Islam, in time Christians would learn many things from them. Point for Discussion: How is Islam similar to Christianity and Judaism? Term to Know: Monotheistic Critical Lens: Religion can be a powerful force in a person's life. Rise of Islam Rise of Islam The founder of Islam is Muhammad. He began life as a merchant in Mecca According to Muslims, Muhammad is a prophet Rise of Islam Muhammad claimed to speak to an angel named Gabriel Rise of Islam After receiving death threats in Mecca, Muhammad fled Mecca for Medina, this is called the Hijra Rise of Islam With support of his followers, Muhammad conquered Mecca in 624. Rise of Islam To Muslims, the final authority on all matters is the Quran Rise of Islam Rise of Islam The Hajj Rise of Islam Muslims are encouraged to engage in jihad, or struggle in God’s service Rise of Islam After Muhammad’s death in 632, the Islamic faith continued to grow world wide. Rise of Islam Abu – Bakr became the first Caliph, or successor to Muhammad Rise of Islam Immediate Impact of Islam on Middle East 1. Arabs become united by Islam 2. Arabs establish vast trade network 3. Many convert to new religion 4. Sharia becomes law of the land 5. Helped women by prohibiting the killing of daughters Quran Quote “ Believers, Jews, and Christians – whoever believes in Allah and does what is right – shall be rewarded by their Lord; they have nothing to fear or regret. To Moses Allah gave the scriptures and after him Allah sent other apostles. Allah gave Jesus the son of Mary and strengthened him with the Holy Spirit. And now that the Quran confirming these beliefs has been revealed to them by Allah, they deny it, although they know it to be truth…” Closure Compare and Contrast religions of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism.