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•Shakespeare based his play “Julius Caesar” on an actual historical account. William Shakespeare compresses the actual historical time of three years into a period of six days. This is done to help make the cause effect relationship more easily understood. •T: “Julius Caesar” (Based on a historical figure.) •A: William Shakespeare •N: Roman •G: Shakespearean Tragedy • Monarchy: King has complete rule over Rome. • Republic: Roman Government ruled by the people. • Dictatorship: Has complete political control Caesar began a military career and his armies conquered multiple countries. After Crassus was killed, trouble began to develop between Pompey and Caesar. Because he was jealous, Pompey persuaded the Senate to order Caesar to disband his army and return to Rome. Instead, Caesar invaded Rome and took control and chased Pompey all the way to Egypt. He was killed there before Caesar could capture him. Later Caesar defeated and killed Pompey’s sons in Spain. Julius Caesar gained support of the people by: Spending money for public entertainment Establishing laws that freed farmers and tradesmen from heavy taxes Promising to improve the overall economy Suggesting new laws, most of which were approved by the Senate. Reorganizing the army. Improving the way the provinces were governed. When he returned to Rome the common people loved him and he was declared dictator for life. However, to a number of Romans and senators, Caesar’s arrogance became unbearable thus they made plans to assassinate him. Shakespeare’s play opens a month before the murder. A King with complete power comes from a traditionally accepted succession of the original man who took complete power by force in that country. A Dictator took complete power by military force. Julius Caesar is now dictator of Rome yet some people wish to crown him as King of the Roman Empire thereby changing Rome's government from a republic to a monarchy. At the time of Julius Caesar, Romans examined everyday occurrences for forewarnings of good and evil. Politicians believed so strongly in signs that they created a site in Rome’s Capitol where they could consult specialists. Animals were killed and offered as sacrifices to the gods. Their entrails were then examined by a soothsayer who specialized in foretelling events by studying internal organs. Abnormalities indicated the anger of a particular god. • • • • • • • • POLITICS, PATRIOTISM OPINIONNAIRE Agree or Disagree _______________ 1. It is never right to kill another person. _______________ 2. Political leaders usually act in the best interest of their countries. _______________ 3. If a political leader has done something wrong, it is all right to get rid of him or her by whatever means necessary. • • _______________ 4. "Power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely." • • _______________ 5. In certain situations it may be justified for a political leader to bend or break the law for the good of the country. • • _______________ 6. People should never compromise their ideals or beliefs. • • _______________ 7. "My country right or wrong" is not just a slogan; it is every citizen's patriotic duty. • • _______________ 8. No cause, political or otherwise, is worth dying for. • • _______________ 9. "Cowards die many times before their deaths; the valiant taste of death but once." • • _______________10. "The evil that men do lives after them; the good is [often buried] with their bones." • • • TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE MOTIVES OF THE CHARACTERS, PUT YOURSELF IN BRUTUS OR CASSIUS SHOES. KEEP A DIARY FOR EITHER BRUTUS OR CASSIUS, IN WHICH YOU WILL SHARE YOUR (HIS) THOUGHTS, FEELINGS, AND MOTIVES. • Directions 1. Choose either Brutus or Cassius. Title your first page with the name of the character you chose. 2. Every day, during the last ten minutes of class, you will write a diary entry for the character you have chosen. 3. In the diary entry, focus on what you (Brutus or Cassius) felt, thought, and wanted, explaining why you (Brutus or Cassius) • 4. Try to show in your diary entry how much you understand the character (Brutus or Cassius); avoid merely retelling what he did. EVALUATION: Entries show understanding of emotions, desires, and motives. Entries explain why, rather than summarize. Entries focus on scenes read for that day, and use the text as evidence in the explanation given. Entries are at least a page long. Entries are neat, legible, and mechanically correct.