Download ENERGY!

ENERGY!
Unit 2
Chapter 8 Pgs. 299-334
Lesson 1: Forms of
Energy
What can energy
influence?
What is energy?
Energy will influence
almost everything. (M.I.)
Climate
Economy
Your body.
Energy is the ability to
cause change or to do
work.
What is Potential
Energy and
provide some
examples.
What is
gravitational
potential energy?
Potential energy is stored
energy due to the interaction
between objects or particles.
Objects that could move
due to gravity
Particles that could move
because of electric or
magnetic forces. (Protons
and neutrons)
Gravitational potential
energy means that the object
has mass and height above
the earth’s surface.
How are
chemical
energy and
nuclear energy
examples of
potential
energy?
Chemical energy is the energy stored
in and released from the bonds
between atoms. (M.K.)
Example: Our body will break
down the chemical bonds in foods
and then converts the released
energy into other forms of energy
our body can use.
Nuclear energy is stored in and
released from the nucleus of an atom.
(M.K.)
Nuclear fusion is where atoms join
together. (The sun)
Nuclear fission is where an atom
breaks apart. (Nuclear power
plants)
What is kinetic
energy and
provide some
examples.
How is electric
energy formed?
Kinetic energy is energy
caused by motion.
It is related to an objects
mass and speed.
Roller coaster coming down a
big hill!
Electric energy is energy found
in an electric current. (M.K.)
Electrons move from one
object to another causing
their energy to be transferred
into light.
Our brains and nerves use
the same type of systems.
Compare
mechanical
and
thermal
energy.
Both use a combination of kinetic
and potential energy to occur.
Mechanical energy is the sum of
the two types of energy in a
system.
Mechanical energy has the
ability to move another object.
Thermal energy is the sum of
both types of energy in the
particles of an object.
Particles that make up an
object are in constant motion,
even in solid ice!
What is the
difference
between heat
and
temperature?
Temperature is when
you measure the
AVERAGE kinetic
energy of the particles
in a material.
Heat is the
MOVEMENT of
thermal energy from a
higher temperature to
a lower temperature.
2-2: Conservation
Why do we need to
look at using more
renewable
resources for
energy?
Renewable energy is an
energy that can be replaced as
fast, or faster, than it is used.
When we use renewable
resources we are conserving
some of the limited resources
we have.
Nonrenewable energy are
from resources that have
limited amounts, or are used
faster than they can be
replaced.
What
happens to
energy as
it is used?
The law of conservation of
energy says that energy can not
be created or destroyed, but it
can change forms.
Chemical energy from the
food you eat is transformed
into electrical energy to move
your muscles.
Energy transfer means that it is
moving from one object to
another without changing form.
Hitting a ball with a bat is a
transfer of mechanical energy.
How do
renewable
resources
transform
into energy?
Using the example of
hydroelectric power, the
renewable resource is water.
Water falls from a river or dam
and is channeled through a
turbine.
As the turbine spins, it creates
mechanical energy that can be
turned into electrical energy.
A transformation just means
that one form of energy is
converted to another form.
2-3: Temperature
and Heat
What are
the four
states of
matter?
Solid, where the particles are so close
together they can only vibrate in place.
(M.K.)
They have their own shape.
Liquid, the particles have a little more
room to move, but they still take on the
shape of their container. (M.K.)
Gas, the particles have no shape or
volume, and they have a LOT of room to
move. (M.K.)
Plasma is the final state of matter. It is a
type of gas that has a lot of energy.
(M.K.)
Particles are FAR apart.
What happens
when you add
energy or heat to
something?
When you add heat or
energy to something the
temperature goes up. (M.K.)
What happens
when you take
away energy or
heat from
something?
When you take away energy
or heat from something, the
temperature goes down.
(M.K)
During any transfer of
energy, heat is always given
off as a by product. (M.I.)
What is
thermal
energy?
Give an
example.
Thermal energy is also
called heat energy.
It moves from things
that are the warmest, to
things that are cooler.
Ice sitting on a table.
The table has more
heat than the ice, so
the heat will move to
the ice causing it to
melt.
What are
thermal
conductors
and
insulators?
A thermal conductor is any
material that allows
thermal energy to move
quickly through it.
Metal is a great conductor
A thermal insulator is any
material that allows
thermal energy to move
slowly through it.
Air is a great insulator
In what
ways can
heat
transfer
from object
to object?
Heat can transfer in 3 ways.
Conduction is the transfer of thermal
energy by collisions between particles in
matter.
A metal pan on a hot stove.
Radiation is the transfer of thermal
energy by electromagnetic waves.
The heat coming off of a hot stove.
Convection is the transfer of thermal
energy by the movement of particles
from one part of a material to another
part.
Water at the bottom of a hot pan will
rise as it heats up, then once it begins
to cool off it will sink to the bottom.