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Unit 13: Organic Chemistry
Name: _________________________
Text Questions from Corwin
1. What was the vital force theory?
2. What was surprising about Wohler’s result of obtaining urea from ammonium cyanate?
19.1
3. What is organic chemistry?
4. Why are there so many organic compounds?
5. What is the difference between a hydrocarbon and a hydrocarbon derivative?
6. What does a saturated hydrocarbon have?
7. Why can a carbon atom bond to as many as four other atoms?
8. What does an unsaturated hydrocarbon have?
9. What characterizes an aromatic compound?
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10. What are alkanes, and what is the suffix on their names?
11. Using the information from Table 19.1, write down the prefixes (not the whole alkane name) and the
associated number of carbon atoms for compounds having one to ten carbon atoms.
12. What are isomers?
13. Isomers also have different ____________ properties, such as…
14. A. When is an alkyl group formed?
B. What is the symbol for an alkyl group?
15. A. When is an aryl group formed?
B. What are the name and formula for the most common aryl group?
16. To name an alkane:
A. Name the alkane for its…
B. Number the carbon chain starting from…
C. Indicate the position of the alkyl group(s)…
D. Use ___________ if there are two or more of the same alkyl group attached to the chain.
17. Why are alkanes unreactive at room temperature?
18. What are the products from the combustion of an alkane?
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19. The unsaturated hydrocarbons are the _________, which have one or more double bonds, and the
___________, which have one or more __________ bonds.
20. To name an alkene:
A. Name the alkene for the longest continuous carbon chain that…
B. Number the carbon chain starting from…
The lowest number possible is given to the double bond.
C. Indicate the position of the alkyl group(s)…
D. Use ____________ if there are two or more of the same alkyl group attached to the chain.
21. What suffix is used at the end of alkyne names?
22. Why are alkenes and alkynes more reactive than alkanes?
23. What do alkenes and alkynes do during addition reactions?
24. What is added to an alkene or alkyne in a… …hydrogenation reaction?
…halogenation reaction?
25. What is a polymer?
26. Polymers are the result of connecting monomers in what is termed a ________________ reaction.
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27. Originally, why were compounds with a benzene-like structure called “aromatic” compounds?
28. What are arenes?
29. Why are some of the electrons in benzene said to be delocalized?
30. A. What is the formula for benzene?
B. Draw Kekule’s model structures AND
the delocalized electron model structure.
31. Following the pattern in the text, draw AND
label the three isomers of dibromobenzene.
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32. What do all of the compounds in a given class share?
33. What does the general formula of a class of compounds indicate?
34. What is a functional group?
35. What is the symbol for the carbonyl group?
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36. How is an organic halide formed?
37. Why are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) being replaced by hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)?
38. List three physical properties that organic halides have in common with alkanes.
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39. The formula for an alcohol is _______ and for a phenol is _______. Each of these contains the
functional group called the ____________ group.
40. Why are most alcohols polar?
41. List two properties that alcohols have by which they are different from their parent alkanes.
42. Ethers have the general formula _________ and are formed when two _______ groups attach to an
__________ atom.
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43. What are the three general formulas that an amine can have?
44. Why are most amines polar?
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45. Why are aldehydes and ketones used as flavorings or perfumes?
46. What is the formula for an aldehyde?
47. What is the suffix used on the name of aldehyde?
48. The formula for a ketone is ________ and the suffix used is _______.
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49. What is the general formula for a carboxylic acid?
50. A carboxyl group, which has the formula _______ is merely a __________ and a ___________ group
bonded together.
51. Carboxlic acid names drop the final ___ on the alkane name and adding the suffix ____________.
52. Esters typically have what type of odor?
53. Copy the summary of the ten hydrocarbon derivatives from Table 19.14.
Family Name
Organic halide
Alcohol
Phenol
Ether
Amine
Aldehyde
Ketone
Carboxylic acid
Ester
Amide
General Formula
Functional Group