Download Objective Genitive + Ablative Separation

Objective Genitive
 The objective genitive is used as if it were the object of a
noun or adjective containing some idea of action
o there is a noun/adjective that has an idea of action in it
 in English, this will often be an abstract noun
o the word that is the “object” is in the genitive
 in English, you will be able it with “of” or “for”
 the genitive does not express possession
 See below for examples:
English
Noun /
Adjective
Latin
Noun /
Adjective
Related verb
(whence the idea
of action)
Example phrase with
Objective Genitive
love
amor
amō, amāre
amor imperiī
a love of empire/power
desire
cupiditās cupiō, cupere
desirous
cupidus,
-a, -um
cupiō, cupere
hate /
hatred
odium
odī, odisse
odium hominum
(defective verb) hatred for men
fear
timor
timeō, timere
timor deōrum
a fear of the gods
leader
dux
dūcō, dūcere
dux auxīliōrum
leader of the auxiliaries
flight
fuga
fugiō, fugere
fuga onerum
flight from burdens
slaughter caedēs
cupiditās pecūniae
a desire for money
cupidus amōris est.
He is desirous of love.
caedō, caedere caedēs hominum
the slaughter of the men
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Ablative of Separation
 When no motion is implied, separation is expressed by the
ablative case with ā/ab or without a preposition.
o General usage rules for the preposition:
 used with persons and concrete nouns
 omitted with abstract nouns
o “Motion” refers to verbs that actually involve some
traveling:
 walk – ambulō, ambulāre (1)
 run – currō, currere, cucurrī, cursum
 sail – nāvigō, nāvigāre (1)
 jump – saliō, salīre, saluī, saltum
 fall – cadō, cadere, cecidī, casum
 fly – volō, volāre (1)
 flee – fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitum
o When motion is implied, you are basically dealing
with an ablative place from which.
 Some examples of the ablative of separation:
o Keep those hands away from my daughters! tenē
istās manūs ā meīs fīliābus
o Hold that dog of yours back from us! Retinē istum
canem ā nōbīs!
o After the games, this gladiator was freed from all (his)
worries. post ludōs, hic gladiator omnibus cūrīs
līberātus est.
o Don’t deprive me of my books, kids! nōlīte, līberī,
prīvāre mē librīs
o Freedom will protect you from the fear of death.
lībertās vōs timōre mortis dēfendet.
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