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Transcript
Module 6 Backup of SQL Server 2008 R2 Databases Module Overview • Backing up Databases and Transaction Logs • Managing Database Backups • Working with Backup Options Lesson 1: Backing up Databases and Transaction Logs • Performing a Full Database Backup • Working with Backup Sets • Using Backup Compression • Performing Differential Backups • Performing Transaction Log Backups • Demonstration 1A: Backing up Databases Performing a Full Database Backup • Backup entire database • Backup active portion of log file BACKUP DATABASE AdventureWorks2008R2 TO DISK = 'L:\SQLBackups\AW.bak' WITH INIT; Working with Backup Sets • A Backup Set represents one backup of any type • Backup Sets are written to Media Sets Consists of one or more tape or disk Backup Devices Backups are striped over the devices Tape and disk devices cannot be mixed • Backup devices and Media Sets are created the first time they are used • Every backup device has a header with meta data of the backup sets • Media Sets can be mirrored in Enterprise and Datacenter edition Using Backup Compression Backup Compression: Introduced in SQL Server 2008 Compresses backup size on device Reduces I/O requirements, increases CPU usage Faster backups but importantly, also faster restores Restrictions: Cannot co-exist on media with uncompressed backups Cannot co-exist on tapes containing NT Backups Performing Differential Backups • Backup the extents changed since the last full database backup • Store active part of the transaction log to be able to recover the database • Independent of other differential backups Note: You cannot create a differential database backup if no full backup has ever been created BACKUP DATABASE AdventureWorks2008R2 TO DISK = 'L:\SQLBackups\AW_Diff.bak' WITH DIFFERENTIAL, INIT; Performing Transaction Log Backups • Backup the transaction log only • Backs up log from the last successfully executed log backup to the current end of the log • Truncates inactive log records unless options specified Note: Database must be in full or bulk-logged recovery model BACKUP LOG AdventureWorks2008R2 TO DISK = 'L:\SQLBackups\AW_Log.bak' WITH NOINIT; Demonstration 1A: Backing up Databases In this demonstration you will see: • How to backup a database • How to use backup compression Lesson 2: Managing Database Backups • Options for Ensuring Backup Integrity • Viewing Backup Information • Demonstration 2A: Viewing Backup History Options for Ensuring Backup Integrity Mirrored Media Sets • A backup set can be mirrored to up to 4 media sets • Mirrors require the same number of backup devices • Support in Enterprise and Datacenter Editions only CHECKSUM backup option • Available for all backup types • Generates a checksum over the backup stream • Can be used to verify the backup Backup verification • RESTORE VERIFYONLY can be used for backup verification • Useful when combined with the CHECKSUM option Viewing Backup Information • SQL Server 2008 R2 tracks all backup activity in a set of tables in the msdb database History can be accessed through T-SQL or SSMS • Information can be retrieved from backup media RESTORE LABELONLY returns information about the backup media on a specified backup device RESTORE HEADERONLY returns all the backup header information for all backup sets on a particular backup device RESTORE FILELISTONLY returns a list of data and log files contained in a backup set Demonstration 2A: Viewing Backup History • In this demonstration you will see: How to view backup history using SSMS How to query the backup history tables using T-SQL How to use the RESTORE HEADERONLY command to retrieve backup set information Lesson 3: Working with Backup Options • Backup Considerations • Copy-only Backups • Tail-log Backups • Demonstration 3A: Tail-log Backup Backup Considerations • Backups are performed online Do not prevent user access Might slow down other operations due to I/O load • Database must be online for normal backup operations Transaction log backups are still possible on a damaged database Log file must be intact • Integration with operating system options SQL Writer service provides backup functionality through the Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS) framework VDI interface enables ISVs to integrate backup and restore functionality into their products (commonly used for 3rd party backup tools) Copy-only Backups • Backup the database without changing the restore order • Copy-only transaction log backups do not truncate the log • Copy-only full database backups do not affect the differential base Note: Use COPY_ONLY for out of sequence backups BACKUP DATABASE AdventureWorks2008R2 TO DISK = 'L:\SQLBackups\AW_Copy.bak' WITH COPY_ONLY, INIT; Tail-log Backups • Used to capture the tail of the log before starting a restore sequence Performs a regular log backup • Options: NORECOVERY when restore operations will follow (database set to RECOVERING state) CONTINUE_AFTER_ERROR when data files are missing or damaged but log files are intact Performs a regular log backup Demonstration 3A: Tail-log Backup • In this demonstration, you will see how to backup the tail of the log of a damaged database Lab 6: Backup of SQL Server Databases • Exercise 1: Investigate backup compression • Exercise 2: Transaction log backup • Exercise 3: Differential backup • Exercise 4: Copy only backup • Challenge Exercise 5: Partial backup (Only if time permits) Logon information Virtual machine 623XB-MIA-SQL User name AdventureWorks\Administrator Password Pa$$w0rd Estimated time: 45 minutes Lab Scenario You have reviewed and updated the recovery models. As the database administrator, you need to implement a database backup strategy. You have been provided with details of the required backup strategy for a number of databases on a SQL Server instance. You need to complete the required backups. Lab Review • What must be performed before you can create a differential backup of a database? • How does a copy only backup differ from a full database backup? Module Review and Takeaways • Review Questions • Best Practices