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Transcript
Ecology: Communities How are communities structured? How do the interactions of species in a community lead to emergent properties? Where are we? Community Interactions Competition Niche: - Fundamental niche - Realized niche Effects of Competition Competitive Exclusion Resource Partitioning Character Displacement Predation Effects of Predation Colouration Mimicry Herbivory Symbiosis Mutualism Facilitation Characterizing Communities Diversity Can be understood in terms of: Parasitism Commensalism Trophic Structure Food Chain Food Web Keystone Species Trophic Limits Energetic Hypothesis Dynamic Stability Hypothesis How are food chains controlled? ‘Bottom-Up model’ ‘Top-Down model’ Effects on Diversity Disturbance – any event that The intermediate disturbance hypothesis Succession Primary Secondary Biogeographic Factors Area Effects Why? Evapotranspiration Why? Island Effects Make sure you can … … describe and compare all of the community interactions discussed and provide multiple examples of each. … explain the relationship between community diversity and stability. … quantitatively demonstrate the diversity of a community. … explain the interactions in a community that contribute to its trophic structure. … explain why community diversity is maximized when disturbance is present at an intermediate level. … explain the processes of primary and secondary succession. … explain the effects of all of the biogeographical factors on community structure discussed here.