Download Chapter 4.2 Notes

Name: __________________________________________ Date: ___________________ Period: _______
Chapter 4.2 Notes
1. Subatomic particles include __________, _____________, and ________.
2. Protons
A. A ______________ is a ___________________ charged subatomic
particle that is found in the _______________ of an ______________.
B. Each ________________ must contain at least one ____________.
C. Each ________________ is assigned a charge of ______________.
D. Some _______________ contain more than ___________ protons.
3. Electrons
A. An ______________ is a _________________ charged subatomic
particle that is found in the space _______________ the nucleus.
B. Each electron has a charge of ___________.
4. Neutrons
A. A ___________ is a neutral subatomic particle that is found in the
____________of an ______________.
B. It has a ___________ almost exactly equal to that of a _________.
Particle
Properties of Subatomic Particles
Symbol
Relative
Relative
Charge
mass
(Proton = 1)
Actual Mass
(g)
5. Comparing Subatomic Particles
A. ______________, ______________, and _______________ can be
distinguished by ________, _________, and ___________ in an atom.
B. Protons and ______________ have almost the same ___________.
C. According to the relative mass of electrons in the above table; how
many electrons would it take to equal the mass of a proton or
neutron? _______________
D. ______________ have a charge that is ______________ in size but
__________________ the charge of a proton.
E. ___________________ have no charge.
F. Where are protons and neutrons found?
_________________________________________________
G. Where are electrons found?
_________________________________________________
Name: __________________________________________ Date: ___________________ Period: _______
H. Everything scientists know about the ____________________ and
_______________________ particles is based on how the particles
________________. We are still ______________ to see the inside of
an ________. However, we do have microscope that can show how
_____________ are arranged on the _____________ of a material.
6. Atomic Number and Mass Number
A. The ____________ number of an element equals the number of
_______________ in an _______________ of that element.
B. The ___________ of any given element always have the ________
number of ___________.
C. There is __________ proton in the _________ of every _________
atom. What is the atomic number for hydrogen? ________
D. __________ of different ____________ have different numbers of
__________________.
E. What other element have an atomic number of 1?
_________________________________________________
F. _________ numbers can be used to refer to ____________ since
they are _________________ to that element.
G. Each ____________ charge in an _____________ is balanced by a
______________ charge because atoms are ________________.
H. The atomic number of an element also _______________ the
number of __________________ in an atom.
7. Mass Number
A. The ____________ number of an _____________ is the sum of the
______________ and ______________ in the ________ of that atom.
B. You can find the number of ________________ by subtracting the
_________________ number from the _________________ number.
C. _____________________________________________________
Fill in the table about the nucleus of these atoms.
Element
Neutrons
Protons
Mass #
Atomic #
Lithium
Oxygen
Boron
Name: __________________________________________ Date: ___________________ Period: _______
Element
Sulfur
Iron
Silver
Hydrogen
Aluminu
m
Fill in the table about these atoms.
Atomic #
Mass #
Neutrons
Protons
Electrons
8. Isotopes
A. _______________ are atoms of the __________ element that have
different numbers of ______________ and different ______________
numbers.
B. Isotopes of an __________ have the same _____________ number
but different ______________ numbers because they have different
numbers of _______________.
Ex. 1) Oxygen has 8 _____________ and 8 _________________ with
a mass number of _________________.
An _________ of oxygen may have _____ protons and ______
neutrons with a mass number of __________.
C. These isotopes are referred to by their _______________ number.
Ex. 2) ________________________, _________________________
D. Since ____________-1 has no ____________ and one __________
adding a neutron ________________ its ___________________.
D. Water that contains hydrogen-_____ atoms in place of
hydrogen-_______ atoms is called _______________ water.
Fill in the table about these atoms.
Number of Orbitals
Energy Levels
X self
X self
X self
X self
Max # of Electrons
X2
X2
X2
X2
9. Energy Levels & Orbitals
A. When all of the ___________________ in an ________ have
the lowest possible _________________ , the atom is said to be
in its _______________ state.
B. When an ________ gains energy and moves ____ energy levels
it is in an _______________ state.