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RNA and Transcription
Chapter 13
What is RNA?
________________________
Can be thought of as a ________________________ of a piece of ____________
What is RNA’s job?
Recall that…
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____________________________ contain a code for ______________ that determine our traits
________________________________________
Protein synthesis __________________________________
Proteins are made up of __________________
Why RNA?
RNA ____________________________________________ (via the nuclear membrane’s pores) and
carry DNA’s code to the ribosomes
Ribosomes ______________________________ based on the RNA code to build the proteins
The DNA ____________________________________ and the RNA can travel to do the rest of the work!
DNA- Contains the “________________” with all information needed to build a protein.
RNA- The “___________”, who works from a “blueprint”, or disposable copy, of the master plan.
The cell uses the DNA’s “master plan” to prepare RNA “blueprints”.
Structure of RNA
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____________ stranded
____________________
Phosphate group
Adenine, _____________, Cytosine,
Guanine
Types of RNA:
Messenger RNA (mRNA) – _____________________ to
ribosomes for translation.
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) – Ribosomes _________________
____________________________________.
Transfer RNA (tRNA) – ____________________________
______________________ for protein synthesis.
TRANSCRIPTION (RNA Synthesis)
Segments of DNA ____________________________ to produce complementary RNA molecules
1. ___________________________ binds to DNA at the promoter site
Promotor: Region of DNA that ______________________________________.
2. RNA polymerase ______________________________________________________________
3. One strand of DNA is used as a template to form a strand of RNA
DNA’s _____________ pairs with RNA’s _________________
DNA’s _____________ pairs with RNA’s _________________
Guanine and Cytosine ___________________
4. RNA polymerase eventually ____________________________________ signaling it to stop
transcription
5. _____________________________________________, and travels through the
____________________________________to the ribosome
The ribosome will read this code and make proteins from it- a process known as translation
(which we will get to later on)
RNA is edited, before it gets translated
Some parts are ______________ and others are ___________________
Introns- ________________________________
Exons- _________________________
Why?
Makes it possible for a single gene to produce __________________________________
Evolution- Small _____________________________ cause dramatic effects on the cellular
functioning of genes