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ENVIRONMENT TEST
1. In a pyramid of numbers, in a grassland ecosystem, the
largest population is that of
a) Producers
b) Tertiary Consumers
c) Secondary consumers
d) Herbivores
2. Which of the following group of gases cause photochemical
smog?
a) Ozone, PAN and CO
b) HC, NO and PAN
c) O2, PAN, and NO2
d) O3, PAN and NO2
3. Which of the following statements regarding species
interdependence are true?
A) An association of two species where one is benefitted and
other remains unaffected called mutualism
B) An interspecific association where both partners derive benefit
from each other is called commensalism
C) A direct food relation between two species of animals in which
one animals kills and feed on another is referred as predation
D) A relationship between two species of organism where both
the partners are benefitted from each other is called symbiosis.
a) A and B only
b) C and D only
c) A and C only
d) B and C only
4. The species of plants that play a vital role in controlling the
relative abundance of other species in a community are called
a) Edge species
b) Link species
c) Pioneer species
d) Keystone species
5. Habitat loss and fragmentation, over exploitation, alien species
invasion and co extinction are causes for
a) Population exploitation
b) Pollution
c) Migration
d) Biodiversity loss
6. The major pollutant from automoblie exhaust is
a) NO
b) CO
c) SO2
d) Soot
7. One greenhouse gas contributes 14% to total global warming
and another contributes 6%. These are respectively identified as
a) N2O and CO2
b) CFCs and N2O
c) Methane and CO2
d) Methane and CFCs
8. Which of the following is false?
a) Quantity of biomass in a trophic level at a particular period is
called as standing crop
b) The energy content in a trophic level is determined is
determined by considering a few individuals of a species in that
trophic level.
c) The succession that occurs in newly cooled lava is called
primary succession
d) Rate of succession is faster in secondary succession
9. Many freshwater animals cannot live for long in sea water
and vice versa mainly because of the
a) Change in N levels
b) Change in the levels of thermal tolerance
c) Variations in light intensity
d) Osmotic problems
10. Which of the following regarding ecological pyramids is not
correct?
a) In most ecosystems, the pyramid of numbers and biomass are
up right
b) In tree dominated ecosystem the pyramid of numbers is
inverted
c) The pyramid of energy expresses mainly the rate of food
production
d) In deep water ecosystem, the pyramid of biomass is upright
11. Air pollution is severe in
a) Cities
b) Industrialised areas
c) Densely populated areas
d) all of these
12. Particulate pollutants are
a) are small solid particles and liquid droplets
b) liquid droplets in atmosphere
c) are small solid particles released into the atmosphere
d) all of these
13. All are particulate pollutants except
a) dust
b) ozone
c) soot
d) smoke
14. Fine organic or inorganic particles suspended in air is called
a) particulate pollutant
b) gaseous pollutant
c) aerosol
d) none of these
15. Which of the following is a secondary pollutant
a) CO2
b) CO
c) O3
d) SO2
16. Air pollution can be of
a) natural origin
b) artificial or man made origin
c) both a and b
d) b only
17. Man made sources of radiation pollution are:
a) mining
b) explosion of nuclear weapons
c) nuclear fuels and preparation of radioactive isotopes
d) all of these
18. The true statement about ‘green house effect’ is that it is
a) caused by combination of many gases
b) caused by CO2
c) caused only by CO2, CFC, CH4 and NO2 gases
d) None of these
19. The supersonic jets cause pollution by the thinning of
a) CO2 layer
b) SO2 layer
c) O3 layer
d) O2 layer
20. Carbon mono oxide is a pollutant because
a)
b)
c)
d)
it reacts with O2
it inhibits glycolysis
makes nervous system inactive
reacts with haemoglobin
21. Which one is true?
a) symbiosis when neither population affects each other
b) symbiosis when the interaction is useful to both the
populations
c) commensalism when none of the interacting populations affect
each other
d) commensalism when the interaction is useful to both the
populations
22. A high density of elephant population in an area can result in
a) mutualism
b) Intraspecific competition
c) Interspecific competition
d) Predation on one another
23. Barnacles growing on the back of whale is an example for
a) mutualism
b) parasitism
c) amensalism
d) commensalism
24. Pencillium does not swallow the growth of
bacteriumStaphylococcus. This sort of relationship is called
a) Commensalism
b) Predation
c) Amensalism
d) Mutualism
25. Symbiosis is shown by
a) Lichens
b) Cuscuta
c) Rafflesia
d) Monotropa
26. When both partners are affected negatively the nature of
interaction is
a) commensalism
b) competition
c) predation
d) amensalism
27. An association between two individuals or populations where
both are benefitted and where neither can survive without the
other is
a) competition
b) commensalism
c) mutualism
d) protocoperation
28. Which of the following interactions will not promote co
evolution?
a) commensalism
b) mutualism
c) parasitism
d) interspecific competition
29. The effect of interspecific competition on niches is to make
them
a) larger
b) smaller
c) more triangular
d) change location
30. Mycorrhiza represents
a) symbiotic association between a fungus and liverworts
b) parasitic association between a fungus and an alga
c) parasitic association between a fungus and roots of plants
d) symbiotic association between a fungus and roots of higher
plants
31. The cutting down of trees and setting them on fire and raising
crops on the resulting ash is called:
a) Pyrolysis
b) Jhum
c) Taungya system
d) Shift cultivation
32. Percentage of forest area recommended by the the national
forest policy for plains is
a) 33%
b) 67%
c) 30%
d) 10%
33. Example of primary pollutant
a) SO2
b) NO2
c) CO
d)hydrocarbons
34.Commonly used radioactive isotopes in scientific research
a) 14 C
b) 125 I
c) 32 P
d) all of these
35. Drinking of fluoride containing water results
a) fluorosis
b) chlorosis
c) minemata
d) methaemoglobinema
36. Chipco movement is a public agitation that occurred in
a) Mansbal area in Kashmir
b) Silent valley in Kerala
c) Sundarban area in Bengal
d) Tehri Garhwal area of Uttar Pradesh
37. High biological oxygen demand indicates:
a) absence of microbial pollution
b) moderate microbial pollution
c) intense level of microbial pollution
d) all of these
38. Ozonospere seen in
a) ionosphere
b) thermosphere
c) mesophere
d) stratosphere
39. Harmful trace metals in fly ash:
a) antimony
b) cadmium
c) arsenic
d) all of the above
40. The main atmospheric layer near the surface of earth is
a) troposphere
b) mesophere
c) ionosphere
d) stratospere
41. The pyramid of numbers is inverted in the case of
a) parasitic food chain
b) Grassland ecosystem
c) Forest ecosystem
d) lake ecosystem
42. The concept of ecological pyramid was first proposed by
a) E.P. Odum
b) A.G. Tansley
c) Juday
d) Charles Elton
43. The pyramid of energy in terrestrial ecosystem is
a) upright
b) inverted
c) spindle shaped
d) irregular
44. Which of the following ecological pyramid is always upright?
a) Pyramid of energy
b)Pyramid of number
c) Pyramid of biomass
d) none of these
45. The pyramid of numbers in a single tree is
a) upright
b) inverted
c) spindle shaped
d) none of these
46. A graphic representation of number of individuals of different
species belonging to each trophic level in a an ecosystem is
known as
a) ecological pyramid
b) pyramid of biomass
c) pyramid of number
d) pyramid of energy
47. The pyramid of biomass is inverted in
a) forest ecosystem
b) grassland ecosystem
c) fresh water ecosystem
d) tundra
48. In pond ecosystem, the pyramid of biomass is
a) upright
b) inverted
c) spindle shaped
d) none of these
49. In grassland ecosystem, the pyramid of biomass is
a) upright
b) inverted
c) spindle shaped
d) none of these
50. Which of the following statement is incorrect regarding
ecological pyramids
a) The pyramid of energy is inverted in ocean ecosystem
b) The pyramid of biomass is inverted in aquatic ecosystem
c) The pyramid of numbers is upright in grass land ecosystem
d) The pyramid of biomass is upright in grass land ecosystem
51. Organisms having the potential for interbreeding and
producing fertile offspring is called
a) Class
b) Order
c) Genus
d) Species
52. A group of individuals of a plant or animal species, inhabiting
a given area is called
a) Biome
b) Population
c) Ecosystem
d) Community
53. Climate includes
a) Seasonal variation
b) General patterns of atmosphere conditions
c) Average weather of an area
d) All of these
54. The maintenance of relatively constant internal environment
is called
a) Homeostasis
b) Exotherms
c) Homeobox
d) Endotherms
55. All are physical pollutants except
a) heat
b) sound
c) radiations
d) soot
56. Ecological niche of an organism represents
a) The resource it utilizes
b) Functional role in the ecological system
c) The range of conditions that it can tolerate
d) all of these
57. Respiratory roots are known as
a) velamen
b) pneumatophores
c) hydathodes
d) prop roots
58. The gradual physiological adjustment to slowly changing new
environmental conditions is known as
a) Selection
b) Introduction
c) Acclimatization
d) Quarantine
59.Upper layer of water in a single body of water is known as
a) Hypolimnion
b) Epilimnion
c) thermocline
d) Hydroline
60. The lower limit of water availability is soil is known as
a) field capacity
b) Hypolimnion
c) thermocline
d) wilting point
61. MAB program stands for
a) Man and biotechnology
b) Material and biology
c) Man and Biology
d) Man and Biosphere
62. Red data book contains data of
a) all plant species
b) all animal species
c) economically important species
d) threatened species
63. IUCN (The International Union For Conservation Of Nature
And Natural Resources) headquarters is at
a) Morges, Switzerland
b) Paris, France
c) Vienna, Austria
d)NewYork, USA
64. IUCN is also called as
a) Man and Biosphere program
b) World Conservation Union
c) World Conservation Consortium
d) World Wide Conservation Union
65. Which of the following region has maximum diversity
a) mangroves
b) grassland
c) taiga
d) coral reefs
66. Approximately, 50% of total world species are present on
a) tropical rain forest
b) temperate rain forest
c) temperate deciduous forest
d) coral reefs
67. Biodiversity
a) increases towards the equator
b) decreases towards the equator
c) remains same throughout the planet
d) has no effect on change in latitude
68. The most important reason for decrease in biodiversity is
a) habitat pollution
b) introduction of exotic species
c) over-exploitation
d) habitat destruction
69. Dodo is ___ species
a) endangered
b) critically endangered
c) rare
d) extinct
70. Blue whale is placed under
a) endangered
b) critically endangered
c) rare
d) extinct
71. Conservation within the natural habitat is
a) insitu conservation
b) exsitu conservation
c) invivo conservation
d) exvivo conservation
72. All are insitu conservation efforts except
a) National parks
b) Sanctuaries
c) Zoo
d) biosphere reserves
73. Ex situ conservation includes
a) Zoo
b) Botanic garden
c) Germplasm bank
d) all of the above
74. Hot spots are regions of high
a) rarity
b) endemism
c) critically endangered population
d) diversity
75. Endemic species are
a) rare species
b) species localised in a specific region
c) cosmopolitan in distribution
d) critically endangered species
76. What is the animal symbol of W. W. F (World Wildlife Fund) ?
a) Red Panda
b) Giant Panda
c) Tiger
d) Kangaroo
77. The most important human activity, leading to the extinction
of wildlife, is
a) Pollution of wildlife
b) Hunting for valuable wildlife products
c) Introduction of alien species
d) Alternation and destruction of the natural habitats
78. If we uncover half of the forest, covering of the earth, what
crisis will be produced at most and at first?
a) Some species will be extincted
b) Population and ecological imbalance will rise up
c) Energy crisis will occur
d) Rest half forests will maintain this imbalance
79. When is the World Wildlife week ?
a) First week of September
b) Last week of September
c) First week of October
d) Last week of October
80. Red Data Book Provides data on
a) Red flowered plants
b) Red colored fishes
c) Lists of plants and animals
d) Endangered plants and animals
81. Wild life is continuously decreasing. What is the main reason
of this?
a) Predation
b) Cutting down of forest
c) Destruction of habitat
d) Hunting
82. What is the major cause of diminishing wildlife number?
a) Felling of trees
b) Cannibalism
c) Habitat destruction
d) Paucity of drinking water
83. Viable material of endangered species can be preserved by
a) Gene bank
b) Gene library
c) Gene pool
d) Herbarium
84. Which group of vertebrates comprises the highest number of
endangered species?
a) Mammals
b) Fishes
c) Birds
d) Reptiles
85. Which of the following is mainly responsible for the extinction
of wild life
a) Pollution of air and water
b) Hunting of flesh
c) Destruction of Habitats
d) All of these
86. The unfavourable alteration of environment due to human
activities is termed as
a) ecological disturbance
b) catastrophe
c) ecological degradation
d) pollution
87. Which of the following is the best indicator of SO2 pollution
a) bryophyte
b) pteridophyte
c) Lichen
d) algae
88. Heavy dust can cause
a) leaf blights
b) opening of stomata
c) closure of stomata
d) browning of leaves
89. Which of the following is the major cause of pollution
a) plants
b) man
c) fungi
d) hydrocarbon gases
90. Minamata disease was caused by pollution of water by
a) mercury
b) lead
c) tin
d) methyl iso cyanate
91. BOD stands for
a) biotic oxidation demand
b) biological oxidation demand
c) biological oxygen demand
d)biochemical oxygen demand
92. A river with high BOD value is
a) highly polluted
b) highly clean
c) highly productive
d) none of these
93. All are primary pollutants except
a) Ammonia
b) Peroxy Acyl Nitrate (PAN)
c) sulphur dioxide
d) hydrogen sulphide
94. Cement factory labourers are prone to
a) leukemia
b) bone marrow disease
c) asbestosis
d) cytosilicosis
95. The occurrence of pesticides like DDT in higher trophic
levels is termed as
a) bioremediation
b) biomagnification
c) biological enhancement
d) biopollution
96. The undesirable change in physical, chemical or biological
characteristics of air, land and water is referred as
a) pollutants
b) ecodestructions
c) pollution
d) all of these
97. Radiation can cause
a) cardiac disease
b) Haemophilia
c) leukemia
d)bone marrow diseases
98. Which of the radioactive material is largely associated
with bone cancer
a) radium-226
b) thorium-232
c) Strontium-90
d) iodine
99. Lead poisoning
a) reduces O2 carrying capacity of haemoglobin in blood
b) increases O2 carrying capacity of haemoglobin in blood
c) reduces O2 carrying capacity of myoglobin in muscles
d) increases O2 carrying capacity of myoglobin in muscles
100. Earth summit was held in
a) Stockholm in 1972
b) Rio de Jeneiro in 1992
c) Paris in 1992
d) New York in 1972
101. What are Rightly matched on Wetlands and their State?
1. Ashtamudi - Orissa
2. Chilka - Kerala
3. Harike - Punjab
4. Kolleru - Assam
a) 1,2
b) 2,3
c) 4 only
d) 3 only
102. Montreux records are associated with?
a) Kyoto protocol
b) Ozone hole
c) Equitorial forests
d) Wetlands
103. It is a Biosphere reserve located one of the Islands of India.
It has been added to the World network of Biosphere reserve in
2013. It is__?
a) Minicoy
b) Middle Andaman
c) Narcondam
d) Nicobar Islands
104. Which are protected Areas under The Wildlife protection act
of 1972?
1. Community reserves
2. Biodiversity hotspots
3. Eco regions
4. Sanctuaries
a) 1,2
b) 2,4
c) 1,4
d)2,3 ,4
105. Find the wrong pair?
a) Kaziranga – One horned rhino
b) Gir forest – Asiatic lion
c) Corbett – marine turtles
d) Bandipur – Indian Bison
106. Alien species that cause the most harm are those that
a) struggle to fit into new ecosystems and eventually die out.
b) eventually become naturalized
c) become invasive
d) become agricultural products.
107. Which is NOT related to Biodiversity?
a) Cartegena protocol
b) Nagoya protocol
c) Aichi Targets
d) Coppenhagen Accord
108. Which are Biodegradable waste materials?
a) Wool , polythene bags, plastics, synthetic fibres
b) Animal dung, synthetic fibres, glass, metals.
c) Cotton, Glass, synthetic rubber, insecticides
d) Wood, leather, paper, animal bones
109. What are the basic needs of Aquatic Biota?
1. Carbon Di oxide
2. Oxygen
3. Minerals
4. Sunlight
5. Aeration of the Soil
a) 1,3
b) 4,5
c) 1,2,3,4
d) 2,3
110. Which are Ozone depleting substances?
a) Chloro Fluro Carbon (CFC) and Oxygen
b) CFC’S , HALONS and CO2
c) CFC’S , HALONS and METHYL BROMIDE
d) All the above
111. I. India is one of the 17 megediverse nations.
II. Western Ghats of India is now one among the Hottest of
Hotspots of Biodiversity.
a) I correct
b) II correct
c) Both correct
d) Both wrong
112. I. Protected forest has limited degree of protection.
II. All activities in reserve forest are permitted unless prohibited
a) I correct
b) II correct
c) Both correct
d) Both wrong
113. Which are of Critically Endangered Bird Species of India?
1. Siberian Crane
2. White-rumped Vulture
3. Forest Owlet
4. Himalayan Quail
a) 1,2
b) 1,2,3
c) 2,4
d) 1,2,3,4
114. Growing the succeeding crop when previous crop attend its
maturity stage-or-sowing of the next crop immediately after the
harvest of the standing crops. This method is called
a) Relay cropping
b) Specialised farming
c) Ranching
d) None of the above
115. I. In Synergetic Cropping the yields of both crops grown
together are found to be higher than yield of their pure crops on
unit area basis.
II. In Alley Cropping the Food crops grown in alleys formed by
hedgerow intercropping.
a) I correct
b) II correct
c) Both correct
d) Both wrong
116. Which cropping method provides fodder during dry period in
semi arid region of India?
a) Alley cropping
b) Synergitic cropping
c) Double cropping
d) Multi cropping
117. Find the right pairs on Sustainable development models.
1. Coppy-catting - Japan
2. Piggy backing - India
3. Leap frogging - China
a) 1,2
b) 2,3
c) 1,3
d)1,2,3
118. Ecological pyramid will always results in upright pyramid for
any ecosystem. It is
a) Pyramid of number
b) Pyramid of Biomass
c) Pyramid of Energy
d) Only (a) & (b)
119. Integrated Processing Development Scheme
(IPDS) aimed ataddressing the environmental concerns
faced by
1)Common Effluent Treatment Plant
2) Infrastructure such as storm water management, necessary
roads and pipelines for water & wastewater
3) Captive power generation on technology preferably
renewable/green technology
4) Textile industry
5) Facility for testing R&D centres
a) 1,2,3
b) 2,3,4
c) 1,2,3,4
d) 1,2,3,4,5
120. As per the 2013 ‘Threatened Bird’ list by the International
Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the Great Indian
Bustard is listed under the category of
a) Vulnerable
b)Endangered
c) Critically Endangered
d) Extinct