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SNC2D Biology: Cycle 2
Cancer: Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment
1. Prevention: Cancer Screening
 Means checking for cancer even if there are _______________________
 Pap Test
o checks for ________________________
o
starts around age _____

Breast self examination

PSA test
o For ______________________
Mole Observation
o ABCD – write what this stands for below
o

Reducing your risk
Lifestyle Choices
 Avoid smoking
 Healthy diet
 Exercise
2. Diagnosis
Imaging
 Colonoscopy
o Endoscopy of the __________
 ________
 ________
 _________________
Examining cells
 Obtained if medical tests show any _________________________

Blood or a sample of tumour cells is removed ___________________ and examined under a
____________________.
SNC2D Biology: Cycle 2
3. Treatment Options


Depend on the ___________ of cancer
Treatments can include chemotherapy, radiation, surgery or a combination of these.
Chemotherapy
Cancer cells grow in an uncontrolled way. Chemotherapy drugs __________ or even __________ the cancer
cells from growing, multiplying or spreading to other parts of your body.
Chemotherapy is a ___________________treatment affecting the whole body, so __________________ can
also be damaged. This damage to healthy cells causes ______________________. The damage is mostly
temporary and the healthy cells will repair themselves.
Radiation
is the use of a certain type of _____________ (radiation) from xrays or gamma rays, to destroy cancer cells.
Radiation in high doses _____________ cells in the area being
treated by damaging the _______ in their genes, making it
impossible for them to ________ and ______________.
During radiation therapy, both __________________ (which are growing in uncontrolled
way) and ______________________ are affected, but most healthy cells can
____________ themselves afterwards
Biophotonics
 Uses ____________________ to detect and treat cancer
 Very sensitive
 Pioneered at ______________
 Fewer side effects than radiation.
The goals of therapy are to:
Destroy the cancer
Chemotherapy, by itself or with another treatment, is given to ___________ cancer cells in the
body.
Shrink a tumour before other treatments
Sometimes chemotherapy is given to ___________ a tumour before surgery or radiation
therapy
Destroy cancer cells after other treatments
Chemotherapy is often given in addition to surgery or radiation treatment to destroy cancer
cells that may have been ___________ by the surgery or radiation.
Read more: http://www.cancer.ca