* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Human Traits Lab
Survey
Document related concepts
Gene expression profiling wikipedia , lookup
Pharmacogenomics wikipedia , lookup
X-inactivation wikipedia , lookup
Polymorphism (biology) wikipedia , lookup
Epigenetics of human development wikipedia , lookup
History of genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Population genetics wikipedia , lookup
Genome (book) wikipedia , lookup
Behavioural genetics wikipedia , lookup
Genetic drift wikipedia , lookup
Human leukocyte antigen wikipedia , lookup
Microevolution wikipedia , lookup
Designer baby wikipedia , lookup
Hardy–Weinberg principle wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Human Traits Lab Purpose: To determine personal phenotypes and genotypes for some observable traits To determine the frequencies (%) of dominant and recessive traits in a population Introduction: Heredity is the passing on of traits, or characteristics, from parent to offspring. The units of heredity are called genes. Genes are found on the chromosome in a cell and come in alternate forms called alleles (ex gene for eye color can have the alleles for green, blue, brown, etc.) The combinations of genes and their alleles for eachorganism’s trait occur by chance and are inherited from the organism’s parents. In many cases, there are two alleles for a gene, the dominant and recessive allele. Sometimes organisms have two of the same alleles and are called homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive. Sometimes organism’s have both the recessive and dominant alleles and said to be heterozygous for that particular gene. The dominant alleles code for the traits that show up in a higher proportion within heterozygous organisms. They are written as capital letters. Recessive alleles code for traits that show up in a lower proportion in heterozygous organisms. They are written as lowercase letters. This genetic makeup or allele combination of an individual is known as its genotype. The observable physical characteristics of an individual that are the result of its genotype are known as its phenotype. Your Phenotype/Genotype # of Recessive # of Dominant Frequency of Traits in class in class Recessive Attached ear lobe. (ee) Unattached ear lobe. Blue eyes. (bb) Non blue eyes. Widows peak. Non widows peak. (ww) Tongue roller. Non tongue roller. (rr) Bent pinkie. Straight pinkie. (pp) Hair on mid joints. No hair on mid joints. (hh) Red hair. (nn) Any other color of hair. Curly hair (CC) Wavy hair (CS) straight hair (SS) PTC taster. Non PTC taster. (aa) Cleft chin. (cc) Non cleft chin. Almond eyes. Round eyes. (aa) Eyes straight. Eyes slanted. (ss) Bushy eyebrows. Fine eyebrows. (bb) Connected eyebrow. (cc) Non-connected eyebrow. Freckles. No freckles. (ff) Dimples. No dimples. (dd) Hitchhiker's thumb. (hh) Non hitchhiker's thumb. Cross right thumb over left (tt) Cross left thumb over right. Right handed. Left handed. (hh) Discussion: 1) If a man does not have Hitchhiker’s thumb, what are the two possible genotypes? 2) If a man is homozygous for Hitchhiker’s thumb and marries a woman with homozygous dominant alleles, what is the probability of them having children with Hitchhiker’s thumb? 3) Is anyone dominant for every trait? Is anyone recessive for every trait? If not, what does this show about dominance and recessiveness of traits in people? 4) What is the ratio of tongue rollers to non-tongue rollers in the class? What is the frequency (%) of tongue rollers in the class? 5) What is the ratio of dimples to non-dimples in the class? What is the frequency (%) of dimpled students in the class? 6) What is the probability of having both of these traits (tongue-rolling and dimples)? To determine this, multiply the percent of tongue rollers times the percent of those with dimples. Remember you cannot multiply %…you must make it a decimal first. This will give you the percent frequency of someone having both traits. 9) How does the ethnic make-up of this class affect this lab?