* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Islam Guided Notes
LGBT in Islam wikipedia , lookup
International reactions to Fitna wikipedia , lookup
War against Islam wikipedia , lookup
Islam and modernity wikipedia , lookup
Imamah (Shia) wikipedia , lookup
Political aspects of Islam wikipedia , lookup
Islam and violence wikipedia , lookup
Criticism of Islamism wikipedia , lookup
Islam and Sikhism wikipedia , lookup
The Jewel of Medina wikipedia , lookup
Criticism of Twelver Shia Islam wikipedia , lookup
Succession to Muhammad wikipedia , lookup
Soviet Orientalist studies in Islam wikipedia , lookup
Islamic culture wikipedia , lookup
Violence in the Quran wikipedia , lookup
Islam and war wikipedia , lookup
Sources of sharia wikipedia , lookup
Islam and Mormonism wikipedia , lookup
Satanic Verses wikipedia , lookup
Origin of Shia Islam wikipedia , lookup
Muhammad and the Bible wikipedia , lookup
Schools of Islamic theology wikipedia , lookup
Islam Guided Notes 1. The Origins of Islam a. Main Idea i. ___________________________, a merchant whom Muslims believe was the last prophet, reported that he received messages from God. 1. The religion he taught, ______________________, drew many followers 2. The Arabian Peninsula a. Arabia was sparsely populated _____________years ago. Small bands of Bedouins moved their herds between scattered oases in the desert b. The Setting i. Farming was limited in Arabia ii. _________________lively 1. Trade routes converged at Arabian Peninsula 2. ________________as well as merchandise exchanged 3. __________-dependent towns rose near coast iii. Mecca, rear Red Sea, most important of coastal towns c. Religious Function i. ______________________, cube shaped structure, at heart of Mecca ii. 500s, already ancient, considered sacred iii. Possible meteorite built in one wall, “relic from heaven” iv. _____________of local gods inside v. Site drew religious pilgrims vi. One god considered supreme: Allah 3. Muhammad the Messenger a. Early Life i. Muhammad ibn Abd Allah born 570 ii. Parents died, Muhammad raised by uncle, powerful ______________________ iii. Grew up top have a successful career in __________________as merchant iv. Married to older woman at 25, fathered 7 children, all but 1 of whom died young v. Met followers of ________________, Christianity while traveling on business b. Muhammad’s Faith i. Had always been religious man, but faiths of others probably also influenced thinking ii. Took frequent ___________________retreats iii. Angels appeared to him during retreat, commanded him to speak messages from Allah iv. Muhammad ________________________by visitation, unsure of meaning v. After more visits from angel, Muhammad concluded God had chosen him to be___________________. 4. The Revelations a. Messages i. Among many messages from angel, Muhammad reported Allah one and only true and all powerful God ii. Other messages, instructions on how to live to please Allah, live in paradise b. Public Preaching i. Muhammad originally only told ____________, few friends about experiences ii. Began to preach in public after 3 years, attracted many followers iii. Some powerful ________________ did not accept teachings c. Safety i. Many disliked Muhammad’s criticism of _____________________ beliefs ii. Only protection of ___________________kept him safe iii. After uncle’s death Muhammad knew his followers were not safe in Mecca 5. Sharing the Revelations a. Hegira i. 622 Muhammad moved to _________________, came to be called Medina “The Prophet’s City”, journey from Mecca to Medina known as hegira ii. Later Muslims marked year of hegira as ____________ year of Islamic calendar b. Building Faith i. Muhammad spent decade building community of ______________believers ii. Called faith ______________, meaning “achieving peace through submission to God”. Followers are called _________________ c. Mecca i. People of Mecca who wanted Muhammad stopped did not give up ii. Fought several battles and ultimately lost ground iii. 630 Muhammad controlled ______________, influence unmatched 6. Basic Ideas of Islam a. As Muhammad gained _____________power, revelations continued b. Muhammad could not read, write; ___________________revelations, Followers memorized words, some wrote them down c. Writings Muslims believe as direct revelations from God collected in _________________, sacred text of Islam d. Qur’an i. Muslims read from Qur’an to hear Allah’s teachings, seek religious experience in rhythm, beauty of words ii. Full meaning only known in original ________________ language, translations not true representations e. Five Pillars of Islam i. Five basic acts of worship central to Islam 1. Profession of Faith a. “There is no god but God…” by affirmation Muslims signal acceptance of faith b. Denies ___________________ of other gods and accepts Muhammad as prophet 2. Five Daily Prayers a. Worshippers say daily prayers _____times during day, always face Mecca to pray no matter where they are 3. Giving Alms to Poor, Needy a. Muslims supposed to give ______________________of income to charity, even those with little encouraged to help others 4. Fasting During Ramadan a. Muslims ________________________to go without food, drink from dawn to dusk b. Ramadan when Muhammad began to _____________messages written in Qur’an 5. Pilgrimage to Mecca a. Muslims _______________________, financially able required to go to Mecca b. Journey called the __________________ i. Gather to pray in mosque, and perform various rituals, walk 7 times around Kaaba, and climb ___________________________, site of Muhammad’s last sermon 7. Guidelines for Behavior a. Qur’an provides guidelines for behavior. Muslims may not eat _______, drink alcohol, must wash before praying i. Qur’an prohibits ________________, lying stealing ii. Requires _______________, to defend Muslim community, also means holy war b. Sunna and Sharia i. record of Muhammad’s behavior, teachings known as ______________, “tradition” provide guidance in personal relationships and business ii. Muslim legal system known as _____________, reflects various rules by which Muslims should live, outlines method of reasoning, argument for legal cases 8. People of the Book a. Islam ____________________________like Jewish, Christian faiths b. Islamic beliefs i. Allah the same God as in Jewish, Christian _____________________ ii. Abraham, Moses, ____________________ messengers from God iii. ________________________last of God’s prophets iv. Qur’an represents God’s final message v. Muslims told to respect Jews, Christians as “people of the book” share _______________of prophets who taught, received God’s revelations