Download Unit 5: The Civil War and Reconstruction (1850

Early American History
Name___________________
Date____________BLK_____
Unit 5: The Civil War and Reconstruction (1850-1877)
Study Guide
The American Civil War (1860-1865) (Pages 66 – 86)
1. Use one word to describe the economies of the North and South prior to the Civil War.
North _____________________________ South ___________________________
2. The Missouri Compromise of 1820, sponsored by Senator Henry Clay, permitted ______________ to enter the
Union as a slave state and ____________ to enter as a free state. This compromise was reached to protect
the balance of _______________ between the North and South in Congress. This exposed the rift in the
nation over the issue of _________________.
3. List the four provisions of the Compromise of 1850. What Senator authored this Compromise? ____________
a.
c.
b.
d.
4. Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a book entitled _____________________________ in 1852 that increased
awareness of the evils of slavery.
5. Bloodshed in the Kansas territory during 1856 over the issue of slavery is known as “________________
Kansas.” The passage of this controversial 1854 act was responsible for this outbreak of violence in Kansas?
________________ - _________________ Act
6. This controversial Supreme Court decision of 1857 said slaves were not citizens, they could not sue in a
court of law, and that slavery was legal everywhere because Congress cannot legally deprive a citizen of his
private property? _________________ v. __________________
7. This radical abolitionist was hanged for murder and treason in 1859 after he attempted to take over a federal
arsenal at Harper’s Ferry, VA and start a slave rebellion? ________________________
8. ______________ was elected President of the United States in 1860 with only ______ % of the popular vote,
becoming the first member of the _________________ Party to hold the office.
9. What was the platform of the Republican Party regarding its views on slavery?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
10. How was the view of the Northern Democrats on the future of slavery different from that of Southern
Democrats? _____________________________________________________________
11. In December 1860, ___________________ became the first of _________ (total #) southern states to secede, or
to officially __________________the Union.
12. The Civil War began when the Confederates fired upon Fort _________________ in April 1861.
13. The Confederate States of American planned a ______________ war against the Union.
14. What was name given to the Union war strategy aimed at dividing the Confederacy in two by controlling the
Mississippi River and using its navy to blockade the South’s ports? The__________________ Plan (Named
after a large snake?)
15. Which side had the advantage of a larger population, more food production, and more factories and railroads
during the Civil War? The _______________ or the North
16. Which side had the advantage of having the “cause” and better military leadership during the war?
___________________
17. This brilliant and able general commanded all Confederate forces after April 1862? ______________________
18. Prior to 1863, the Civil War could most accurately be described as a ________________, or draw, as neither
side could gain a decisive advantage.
19. The _________________ Proclamation altered the North’s wartime goal by freeing slaves in states of the CSA
not yet under union control in January 1, 1863.
20. The Battles of __________________ and __________________ in July 1863 were Northern victories that
marked the turning point of the Civil War.
21. ____________ led the “March to the Sea” that destroyed the South’s will to fight in the fall of 1864 through
Georgia, completely destroying its capital city of ________________.
Early American History
Name___________________
Date____________BLK_____
Unit 5: The Civil War and Reconstruction (1850-1877)
22. What impact did “total warfare” and the “March to the Sea” have on the outcome of the Election of 1864 and
the South’s economy? ________________________________________________________________________
23. General ___________________had many successes on the battlefield in the western theater of the
Confederacy and became overall commander of Union forces after March 1864 and ultimately forced the
South to surrender in April 1865 at _______________________, Virginia.
The Reconstruction (1865-1877) (Pages 87 – 91)
24. The Reconstruction was the effort to restore or readmit _____________________________________________.
25. The ________________ Bureau (1865-72) aided ex-slaves in terms of clothing, food, medicine, and education.
26. __________________ assassinated President Lincoln at __________________ in Washington, DC in April
1865, just five days after the war ended.
27. Why was Lincoln’s Plan called the Ten Percent Plan? ________________________________ The primary goal
of this plan was to __________________ the nation.
28. President Andrew Johnson’s Reconstruction plan required Southern leaders to apply for ________________,
or pardons, and for secessionist states to ratify the ___________ Amendment that would _______________,
or officially end slavery.
29. The __________________ Republicans in Congress opposed both Lincoln’s and Johnson’s plans for
Reconstruction because they believed they were too _______________ on the South.
30. Congress became angry with President Johnson because he refused to intervene to prevent former
Confederate states from passing _____________ ____________, laws that limited the freedoms of ex-slaves.
31. The Radical Reconstruction Act of 1867 divided the conquered South into _____ (#) military districts and
barred ________________ from voting or holding political office. Who were the leaders of the Radical
Republicans? ____________________ (MA-Senate) and _____________________ (PA-H of R)
32. President Johnson was impeached mainly because Congress said he violated the ________________ of
_______________ Act when he fired Secretary of War, Edwin Stanton, but he was saved from removal by
__________ (#) vote.
33. After the Civil War many African Americans became ____________________ who were paid for their labor
with a portion of the crop or tenant farmers who paid rent to farm a piece of land.
34. The ____________ was a terrorist organization that used violence to prevent blacks in the South from
exercising their rights.
35. Southerners despised ___________________ whom they believed migrated to the South after the war to profit
from their misery by working as government officials and entrepreneurs as well as scalawags whom were
considered _________________.
36. Civil War hero, Ulysses S. Grant, won the Presidential Elections of _________ and __________ (yrs) but his
administration damaged the Republican Party because it was clouded by political _________________.
37. The _______th , ________th, and the _________th Amendments were known as the Civil War or
Reconstruction Amendments and extended civil rights to _________________. What did each Amendment do
for feedmen? _________________________________________________________________________________
38. The Grant Presidency damaged the image of the ____________________Party because of the several political
scandals that broke during his eight years in office.
39. Reconstruction came to an end due to the Compromise of _________ (yr.) that resulted from the disputed
presidential election of 1876.
40. Who won the election of 1876? ____________________ Who actually won the popular vote?
____________________ What did the winner promise the South? _____________________________________
*CRQ Essay: Was the Reconstruction of the U.S. a success, a failure, or a mixture of both? Provide three
examples to support your answer.
Early American History
Name___________________
Date____________BLK_____
Unit 5: The Civil War and Reconstruction (1850-1877)