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ISLAM: CREATIVITY in the DESERT GENERAL FACTS largest religion Islam = Muslim = o “ Majority found in ” ARABS BEFORE ISLAM Tribal society on the Arabian Peninsula o o Tribal organization o Claimed descent from o Pre-Mohammad Religion o o Trading & religious center Controlled by MOHAMMAD’S HISTORY Early Life City of Mecca Marriage & Business o Worked for o Married Khadijah, years his senior o Marriage was idyllic Went to a at Mount Hira to meditate o While there… appeared Taught the basics of o Similar to the doctrine and covenants Non-revealed teachings called o Obligation to teach the world o Mohammad = o o Why was he not accepted? The o Mohammad’s trek from Marks o Settled in Yathrib o Message was accepted = Muslim community Yathrib renamed o “ ” o o 1st still exists Returned to Mecca o o against Umayyads o Destroyed idols o Changed Ka’ba to a o Died in 632 CE o Who will lead? o (best friend) chosen as Religious & political successor of Mohammad o overlooked ( ) Question of leadership sets up in Islamic faith Wars of Islamic Expansion led by Umayyads ISLAMIC BELIEFS 5 Pillars of Islam 1 2 3 4 5 A UNIVERSAL RELIGION Appeals to people of many different backgrounds Accepted many monotheistic beliefs of can be followed easily by everyone permitted Well-to-do encouraged to care for developed o Prayer leaders instead of all people in the eyes of o vs. in the eyes of man ISLAMIC BELIEFS Interactions with Christians & Jews Dhimmi = “ ” Believe in the same Need to accept as last prophet is “word of God” o He did not die and was not resurrected Definition of who were dhimmi changed as Islam expanded o Ex. of India would be included later Jihad Means Can be o o Today… o o To draw closer to People must in war to follow Allah’s will Terrorists call for jihad because of threat BUT – are killed & Muslims are in these jihads Shari’a Law Based on ; customs Harsh punishments in some countries