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Cf5Alcohol notes Drug – any substance taken in to the body that changes the body’s natural chemistry. Alcohol – drug produced by a chemical reaction of fruits, vegetables and grains. It impairs judgment and slows the body’s functions. Depressant – drug that slows the body’s functions specifically the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) Short-term Effects of Alcohol – immediate effects upon consumption Brain – less able to control body movements, speech and vision Liver – cannot break down alcohol fast enough resulting in intoxication (changes alcohol in to CO2) Lungs – Carbon Dioxide (CO2) passes through the lungs, but since the liver cannot keep up with the intake of alcohol, CO2 exits slower Blood Vessels and Heart – hear rate increases (raising blood pressure) and blood vessels widen which causes increased blood flow to the surface, creating a false sense of warmth. Small Intestines – what the liver cannot breakdown ends up in the small intestines which is where majority of absorption into the bloodstream occurs. Stomach – 20% passes into blood stream through the stomach. Too much alcohol present in the stomach can lead to vomiting Mouth – chemicals affect mucus lining, tongue, taste buds and throat creating icky smelling beer breath. Long-term Effects of Alcohol – after years of use Brain – destroys brains cells which cannot be reproduced Liver – causes cirrhosis Heart – causes high blood pressure which can lead to stroke or even heart failure Stomach – increases gastric juices in stomach which can cause ulcers or sores in stomach Define Cirrhosis – scarring and destruction of the liver (liver produces bile which breaks down fats) What are the 7 factors that influence the effect alcohol has on a person - speed consumed -amount consumed -presence of food in stomach -weight of the person consuming -gender -mood -other drugs in system Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) -amount of alcohol in a person’s bloodstream as expressed by a percentage -BAC depends on any or all of the 7 factors listed above Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) – when a mother drinks alcohol the baby drinks -Alcohol related birth defect that may be both mental and physical -low birth weight, facial deformities