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-AR Verbs Present Indicative verb subject infinitive conjugate - In both English and Spanish, we need to _________________ verbs in order to match the __________________ so that we know who is doing them: we can’t just leave them in their infinitive form. In English, the ________________ are mostly the same, no matter what subject you are referring to. Think, for example, about the ___________________ ‘to talk’. How would you change it in order to say I we you yʼall she/he they that each of the people in the chart talks? In Spanish, however, each ____________ category requires a different ending. This is because, in Spanish, we don’t need to use subject pronouns. The verbs must have different endings so that we can understand who is doing the action. To conjugate a verb in Spanish, you begin with the infinitive. For example, HABLAR: ➡The ‘HABL’ is called the _____________ of the verb, and it tells us what the verb is. ➡The ‘AR’ is called the _______________ of the verb, and an -ar on the end of the verb means “to”. Hablar, therefore, means “________________”. ➡If we want to change it to say who is talking, we have to conjugate the infintive. www.martinabex.com To conjugate a verb, we simply take off the old ending and add a new ending. For HABLAR, you’d first remove the -______, then add the ending that matches the subject that is talking. Here are the present indicative endings for yo (I) nosotros tú (you) vosotros (y’all) él (he)/ella (she)/ Usted (you formal) ellos/ellas (they)/ Ustedes (you p.f.) -AR verbs. Use them to say that someone ________________ or __________________ something. Let’s conjugate the verb “HABLAR”: First step: DROP YOUR ENDING __________________ (talk) Yo form/ Put an ‘o’ on it: __________________ (I talk/I am talking) Tú form/ Put ‘-as’ on it: __________________ (You talk/You are talking) Él/ella form/ Put an ‘a’ on it: __________________ (He talks/He is talking) Nosotros form/ Put an ‘amos’ on it: __________________ (We talk/We are talking) Vosotros form/ Put an ‘áis’ on it: __________________ (Y’all talk/Y’all are talking) Ustedes form/ Put ‘-an’ on it: __________________ (You all talk/are talking) (They talk/They are talking) Try these! First, underline the verb. Then, circle the subject. Finally, translate the sentence on the line. I am yelling at my brother (gritar): _______________________________________________ You dance like Michael Jackson (bailar): _______________________________________________ My mom works at McDonalds (trabajar): _______________________________________________ We walk to school (caminar): _______________________________________ Y’all are watching TV (mirar): ________________________________________ Linda and Katie sing well (cantar): ____________________________________ www.martinabex.com La vida linda de Linda As you read the following story about Linda, conjugate the missing verbs (they are in the parentheses) according to the subject given. La mamá de Linda ______________ (trabajar) en McDonalds todos los días. Por eso, Linda ______________ (caminar) a la casa de su abuela para pasar tiempo con ella. En la casa de su abuela, Linda ______________ (mirar) la televisión. Si ella ______________ (mirar) mucha televisión, su abuela le ______________ (gritar). Entonces, Linda ______________ (estudiar) las matemáticas o las ciencias o ______________ (practicar) el piano. A veces, la abuela de Linda ______________ (cantar) mientras Linda lo ______________ (practicar). ¡Su abuela ______________ (cantar) muy bien! Después de trabajar, la mamá de Linda ______________ (llamar) a Linda por teléfono y dice, «Estoy aquí», y Linda ______________ (caminar) a su casa. Now, please re-write the story from the first-person perspective; as if YOU were Linda and were talking about yourself. You will need to change some verbs to the “yo” form, as well as changing other words so that the story makes sense (her - my, she - I, etc.) ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Now, imagine that Linda has a twin brother named Chao, and they do everything together. Write the story from Chao’s perspective, keeping in mind that he does everything that Linda does! ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ www.martinabex.com -AR Verbs Present Indicative verb - an action word subject - the person or thing doing an action infinitive - the base form of any verb--the one that you’d find in a dictionary. In English, it would be “to” do something (to walk, to run, to dance). In Spanish, it ends in -ar, -er, or -ir. conjugate - making changes to a verb to say when it’s being done and who is doing it In both English and Spanish, we need to CONJUGATE verbs in order to match the SUBJECT so that we know who is doing them: we can’t just leave them in their infinitive form. In English, the ENDINGS are mostly the same, no matter what subject you are referring to. Think, for example, about the VERB ‘to talk’. How would you change it in order to say that each of the people in I we you yʼall she/he they the chart talks? In Spanish, however, each SUBJECT category requires a different ending. This is because, in Spanish, we don’t need to use subject pronouns. The verbs must have different endings so that we can understand who is doing the action. To conjugate a verb in Spanish, you begin with the infinitive. For example, HABLAR: ➡The ‘HABL’ is called the STEM of the verb, and it tells us what the verb is. ➡The ‘AR’ is called the ENDING of the verb, and an -ar on the end of the verb means “to”. Hablar, therefore, means “TO TALK”. ➡If we want to change it to say who is talking, we have to conjugate the infintive. www.martinabex.com To conjugate a verb, we simply take off the old ending and add a new ending. For HABLAR, you’d first remove the -AR, then add the ending that matches the subject that is talking. Here are the present yo (I) -O nosotros tú (you) -AS vosotros (y’all) -ÁIS ellos/ellas (they)/ Ustedes (you p.f.) -AN -AMOS indicative endings for -AR verbs. Use them to say that someone DOES or IS DOING él (he)/ella (she)/ Usted (you formal) -A something. Let’s conjugate the verb “HABLAR”: First step: DROP YOUR ENDING HABL- (talk) Yo form/ Put an ‘o’ on it: HABLO (I talk/I am talking) Tú form/ Put ‘-as’ on it: HABLAS (You talk/You are talking) Él/ella form/ Put an ‘a’ on it: HABLA (He talks/He is talking) Nosotros form/ Put an ‘amos’ on it: HABLAMOS (We talk/We are talking) Vosotros form/ Put an ‘áis’ on it: HABLÁIS (Y’all talk/Y’all are talking) Ustedes form/ Put ‘-an’ on it: HABLAN (You all talk/are talking) (They talk/They are talking) Try these! First, underline the verb. Then, circle the subject. Finally, translate the sentence on the line. I am yelling at my brother (gritar): _______________________________________________ You dance like Michael Jackson (bailar): _______________________________________________ My mom works at McDonalds (trabajar): _______________________________________________ We walk to school (caminar): _______________________________________ Y’all are watching TV (mirar): ________________________________________ Linda and Katie sing well (cantar): ____________________________________ www.martinabex.com