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1/21/2017 1350-1600 Renaissance – Rebirth of classical ideas. The Renaissance was a time of creativity and change in many areas – political, social, economic and cultural. Emphasis placed on the achievements of individual human beings. www.glscott.org 1 1/21/2017 The Renaissance Began in Italy • Renewed interest in Roman literature and life. • Ruins of Roman empire dotted the Italian countryside. The Renaissance Began in Northern Italy • New urban culture motivated by trade www.glscott.org 2 1/21/2017 Italian Genius of Renaissance Writing - Machiavelli • Machiavelli published a book in 1513, The Prince. Gave rulers advice on how to govern with power. Rulers must do good when possible but be ready to do evil when necessary stressed that the end justifies the means. Society – Three classes existed: 1) Clergy 2) Nobility 3) Peasants and Towns people Majority – peasants – urban poverty increased greatly www.glscott.org 3 1/21/2017 Society – Family Father/husband – center of the family Parents – arranged marriages for the children Mother – supervise household and raise the children Humanism • Define “humanism” • Humanism – intellectual movement at the heart of the Italian Renaissance that focused on worldly subjects rather than on religious issues. • Humanists were usually Christians who believed that the individual in the here and now had an important role to play. • Education was important. • Emphasis on individual achievement. • Emphasis on classical Greek and Roman texts. www.glscott.org 4 1/21/2017 The Northern Renaissance • Renaissance moved to France, Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands. • Erasmus – Dutch priest and Humanist. Called for a translation of the Bible from Latin into the vernacular of each nation, so that common people could read it. • He was disturbed by the corruption in the Catholic Church and called for reform. The Printing Revolution • Printing Press – allowed new ideas to spread more easily. Spread from China to Middle East to Europe. • Gutenberg: invented a new type of printing press. Used movable type. • Books suddenly within reach of ordinary person. People became literate (able to read and write) www.glscott.org 5 1/21/2017 ARTS Sought to: Imitate nature Showed reality of their subjects Italian Geniuses of Renaissance Art – Leonardo • Leonardo da Vinci (1452) – artist (Mona Lisa, The Last Supper), • Dissected human bodies to understand how they worked www.glscott.org 6 1/21/2017 Italian Geniuses of Renaissance Art – Leonardo La Giaconda: The Mona Lisa – Louvre Museum, Paris Italian Geniuses of Renaissance Art – Leonardo Helicopter www.glscott.org 7 1/21/2017 Italian Geniuses of Renaissance Art – Leonardo Trebuchet Italian Geniuses of Renaissance Art - Michelangelo • Michelangelo – Italian painter and sculptor. Total realism in art. Pieta and David. Murals on the ceilings of the Sistine Chapel in the Vatican. www.glscott.org 8 1/21/2017 Italian Geniuses of Renaissance Art - Michelangelo The Pieta Italian Geniuses of Renaissance Art - Michelangelo The David – Florence, Italy www.glscott.org 9 1/21/2017 Italian Geniuses of Renaissance Art - Michelangelo www.glscott.org 10