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Download Biology 11 Unit 9 Assignment 1 How do sponges
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Name: Claudia Cristescu Date: May 12 2016 Biology 11 Unit 9 Assignment 1: How do sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, and roundworms obtain food? Virtual Lab Instructions: Please complete the How do sponges, cnidarians, flatworms, and roundworms obtain food Virtual Lab. External Link: http://www.glencoe.com/sites/common_assets/science/virtual_labs/LS13/LS13.html Read the information and procedures provided in the lab and complete the journal questions (provided below). Please note you should be answering your questions in detail, by providing support in the form of data values (external or from the lab) and/or scientific information/research to explain your statements. Table/Graph Section: Table 1: ____________________________________________________________ Name of organism Types of feeder Portuguese man of war Predator Image of organism (insert picture/sketch) http://www.bajainsider.com/ article/stingrays-jellyfishand-man-o-wars-woundtreatment-0 Roundworms (in gills) Parasite http://www.petshed.com/pet cyclopedia/what-are-canineroundworms.html Sea Anemone Filter-feeder http://www.bbc.co.uk/progra mmes/p034jd8p Tapeworm (in fish intestine) Parasite http://emedicine.medscape.c om/article/786292-overview Tube Sponges Filter-feeders http://www.ryanphotographi c.com/sponges.htm Jellyfish Predator https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki /Jellyfish Leopard Flatworm Parasites, Scavengers, Filterfeeders http://www.markrosenstein.c om/gallery2/index.php/saba0 5/flatworm Rope Sponge Predators http://flowergarden.noaa.gov /about/spongelist.html Journal Questions: 1. Describe each of the four types of feeders identified in this activity. Explain how various invertebrates have adapted to feeding in their environment. Filter feeders filter bacteria, algae, protozoans and other bacteria from the water in which they live. Types of organisms with this method of feeding are usually sessile and relatively inactive. On the other hand organisms that are predators have developed specially designed cells to hunt and scavenge. Parasites are usually very small organisms that enter the host in larval form and grow by obtaining food from the host. Scavengers have developed special structural characteristics to help them locate food by odor and even during the night time. 2. Why are filter-feeders usually stationary organisms? Organisms that are filter feeders do not require movement as food particles comes to them, and never have to compete for resources. 3. Early scientists classified sponges as plants. Based on your observations of the sponge’s feeding system, why do you think scientists now classify sponges as animals? Scientists now classify sponges as animals due to their feeding habits and embryo development and because sponges are multicellular heterotrophs with multiple tissue layers and systems. 4. Jellyfish cannot swim rapidly, yet they are efficient predators. How are they adapted to predatory life despite their lack of speed? Jellyfish have small stinging organs present in the tentacles and oral arms. Tentacles are also very long to catch any prey that comes near the stinging cells. Some jelly-fish have colloblasts which secrete a sticky substance that binds their prey. 5. Why are scavengers usually found in the lower part of the coral reef habitat? Scavengers are usually found in the lower part of the coral reef habitat because most of the dead organisms are found at the bottom of the ocean floor. 6. How do internal parasites keep from being washed out of their host’s bodies in body fluids or wastes? Parasitic flatworms will usually have hooks on the scolex to attach it to the wall of the gut and they have an extra outer covering, glycocalyx, to protect it from being digested. For a tapeworm, its head attaches to the inner wall of the intestines. 7. How do the methods for obtaining food change as an organism’s complexity increases? As an organism’s complexity increases organisms, such as prey, in the ecosystem will also adapt to become more complex and species diversity increases. Increased complexity allows more effective competition for resources.