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SIMPLE SENTENCES English 21 – Ms. Brown Simple Sentences: Presentation Outline and Objectives • Topics of discussion: – What is a sentence? – What are simple sentences? • By the end of this presentation you will: – Know how to find the subject in a sentence – Know how to find the predicate in a sentence – Understand how to use a coordinating conjunction to create a compound subject and a compound verb • This presentation will help address: – English 21 SLO #1 Simple Sentences: Terms to Know • A sentence: – is a complete thought – has at least 1 subject and 1 verb • A subject: – is who or what the sentence is about • The subject is the doer in the sentence. • A predicate: – is everything that follows the subject including verb(s) and phrase(s) • The verb is the doing in the sentence. SIMPLE SENTENCES WHAT IS A SENTENCE? WHAT IS A SENTENCE? • A sentence is a complete thought. • A simple sentence has two parts: a subject and a predicate. – What is a subject? The subject is who or what the sentence is about. – Here’s a tip: Read the sentence and turn it into a question to find the subject. For example: • Miguel enjoys surfing. Who enjoys surfing? Miguel! (Miguel is the subject.) SUBJECTS IN SENTENCES Sentences • Maria listened to music. The Subject • Maria • Beauty fades. • Beauty • Los Angeles is a large city. • Los Angeles • Running is good exercise. • Running WHAT IS A SENTENCE? • A sentence is a complete thought. • A sentence has two parts: a subject and a predicate. – What is a predicate? The predicate is everything that comes after the subject in a sentence, which includes the verb, prepositions, or phrase. For example: • Miguel enjoys surfing. – Subject = Miguel – Predicate = enjoys surfing. WHAT IS A SENTENCE? • A sentence is a complete thought. • A sentence has two parts: a subject and a predicate. – Here’s a tip: Use process of elimination. Find your subject first and what remains in the sentence will be the predicate. For example: • Peyton Manning is a talented quarterback. – Subject = Peyton Manning – Predicate = is a talented quarterback. PREDICATES IN SENTENCES Sentences • Maria listened to music. The Predicate • listened to music • Beauty fades. • fades • Los Angeles is a large city. • is a large city • Running is good exercise. • is good exercise Can a simple sentence have more than 1 subject and more than 1 verb? ABSOLUTELY! Let’s take a look… SUBJECTS IN SENTENCES • Sometimes, a sentence will have more than one subject. • A sentence with more than one subject will use a coordinating conjunction to join the subjects. – Coordinating conjunctions are the FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so • Sentences with more than one subject are called compound subjects. COMPOUND SUBJECTS Sentences • Maria and Miguel listened to music. • Beauty and vanity fade. Compound subjects • Maria, Miguel • Beauty, vanity • Los Angeles, Dallas, and New York are large cities.* • Los Angeles, Dallas, New York • Running and weightlifting are good exercises. • Running, weightlifting *Commas are used before the conjunction with 3 or more subjects in a sentence. COMPOUND SUBJECTS Let’s try making compound subjects with another coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS)! COMPOUND SUBJECTS Sentences • She or I will pick up the movie passes. Compound Subjects • She, I • Fruit or cheese is a healthy snack. • Fruit, cheese COMPOUND VERBS • Sometimes, a sentence will have more than one verb. • A sentence with more than one verb will use a coordinating conjunction to join the verbs. – Coordinating conjunctions are the FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so • Sentences with more than one verb are called compound verbs. COMPOUND VERBS Sentences • Maria listened to music and danced. Compound Verbs • listened, danced • Beauty fades and dies. • fades, dies • Los Angeles attracts tourists and grows crowded every year. • attracts, grows • Running injures my knees and hurts my feet. • injures, hurts COMPOUND VERBS Sentences • Maria listened to music but did not dance. • Beauty fades or dies. • Los Angeles attracts tourists and needs more freeways. • Running injures my knees, aches my feet, yet strengthens my heart. Compound Verbs • listened, did dance (not is the adverb) • fades, dies • attracts, needs • injures, aches, strengthens SIMPLE SENTENCES WHAT ARE SIMPLE SENTENCES? SIMPLE SENTENCES • Sentences are complete thoughts. • Simple sentences typically appear in 4 different ways: – SV (1 subject, 1 verb) – SVV (1 subject, 2 verbs) • Note: This is a compound verb. You will need 1 FANBOYS. – SSV (2 subjects, 1 verb) • Note: This is a compound subject. You will need 1 FANBOYS. – SSVV (2 subjects, 2 verbs) • Note: Here we have a compound subject and a compound verb. You will need two FANBOYS. SIMPLE SENTENCES SV • Maria ate dinner. • I can sing. • The weather is warm today. • They studied together. • Love makes me happy. • My teachers challenge me to do well. • He took his date to the movies. SVV • Maria ate dinner and watched TV. • I can sing or dance. • They studied together yet did not talk. • Love makes me happy and sets me free. • College stresses me out yet prepares me for the world. • He took his date to the movies and paid for the tickets. Let’s give this a try! • Ms. Brown will call students to the whiteboard for participation points. • Each student will write a simple sentence in each formula: – SV (1 subject, 1 verb) – SSV (2 subjects, 1 verb) – SVV (1 subject, 2 verbs) – SSVV (2 subjects, 2 verbs) SIMPLE SENTENCES SSV • Maria and I ate dinner. • He or I can sing. • The weather and sunset are beautiful today. • He nor I want to empty the trashcan. • My teachers and parents challenge me to do well. • He and I took our dates to the movies. SSVV • Maria and I ate dinner and watched American Idol. • He or I can sing and dance for you. • Love and laughter make me happy and set me free. • College and studying stress me out yet prepare me for the world. • He and I wined and dined our dates.