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Types of Cell Bone Cell Bone cell which are found within the bone tissue, are responsible for the make-up of the skeleton of vertebrates Bone cells all work together inside of the bones to help keep up the skeletal system. The bone cells do many things for the skeletal system such as the development of new bones, the maintenance of bones, and the regulation of minerals in the body. There are four main categories of bone cells: osteoclasts, which destroy bones osteoblasts, which build bones osteocytes, which hold the bone together lining cells, which protect the bone Muscle cell Muscle cells contain protein filaments of actin and myosin that slide past one another, producing a contraction that changes both the length and the shape of the cell. . Nerve cell Is an electrically excitable cell that processes and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals. Blood cell A blood cell, also called a hematocyte, is a cell produced by hematopoiesis and normally found in blood. Red blood cells – Erythrocytes White blood cells – Leukocytes Platelets – Thrombocytes. Hemoglobin is an iron-containing protein that facilitates transportation of oxygen from the lungs to tissues and carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs. Red blood cells primarily carry oxygen and collect carbon dioxide through the use of hemoglobin. White blood cells are cells of the immune system involved in defending the body against both infectious disease and foreign materials. Platelets play a significant role in the repair and regeneration of connective tissues Reproductive cells Cell shape Cell sizes Prokaryote The prokaryotes are a group of organisms whose cells lack a membranebound nucleus. Most prokaryotes are unicellular organisms. Prokaryotes do not have a membrane bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelles Eukaryote A eukaryote is any organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other structures enclosed within membranes. Most eukaryotic cells also contain other membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria or golgi apparatus. All multicellular organisms are eukaryotes, including animals, plants and fungi. Eukaryote vs Prokaryotes A eukaryote cells contain a nucleus and other structures enclosed within membranes. Prokaryotes do not have a membrane bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelles Prokaryotic cells are not found in humans and eukaryotic cells are. Prokaryotic cells are always unicellular and eukaryotic cells are often multicellular. Prokaryotic cells reproduce by binary fission and eukaryotic cells reproduce by mitosis. Plant cell vs Animal cell 1.Base shape of animal cell is rectangular animal cell shape is a circular. 2.Plant cells have chloroplasts unlike animal cells. 3.Plant cells have a cell wall unlike animal cells. 4.Animal cells have a lot of lysosomes unlike plant cells. 5.Animal cells have a centrosome unlike plant cells 6.Plant cells have plasticids unlike animal cells 7.Vacuoles are conspicuous in plant cells than animal cells i.e. large central vacuole in plant cells 8. Animal cells can be phagocytic unlike plant cells 9.Cells of Higher plants lack centrioles unlike animal cells. 10.Plant cells have plasmodesmata which links pores in the cell wall allow and communication between adjacent cells unlike animal cells.
