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THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING (AUTONOMOUS UNDER VTU) STACK PROJECT SYNOPSIS AS PART OF II-III YEAR PROJECT (2011 – 12) CONTROL OF ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES THROUGH TV REMOTE GUIDE: M K VISHWANATH Submitted By: ASHIK PAI SHIVA KUMAR G SUHAS S UDAYA KULALA G YASHAS M V 4NI10EC009 4NI11EC410 4NI10EC054 4NI10EC056 4NI10EC062 Estd: 1946 ` DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION (E & C) ENGINEERING, Mysore –570 008. SYNOPSIS (Project Overview): For convenient automatic control of some of the domestic appliances like fan, light etc., TV remote control can be employed. This reduces the burden of manual operation of devices. This project envisages automatic control of domestic appliances. T h e appliances can be switched on/off using TV remote without actually going near the switch boards or regulators. The TV remote used in this project is Infra Red(IR)type. Ot h e r l o a d s l i k e e l e c t r o n i c a p p l i a n c e s , p o we r c o n t r o l l i n g s ys t e m e t c . , c a n a l s o be controlled using this principle. El e c t r i c a l l o a d s c a n e a s i l y b e c o n t r o l l e d a t a t i me f r o m a c e n t r a l l o c a t i o n ( c o n t r o l r o o m) without having any physical connection between loads and control room. The principle of operation of this project is that when a button is pressed in the TV remote, the signal is transmitted which is received by the IR receiver in the sensing device. This signal is suitably processed through an input interface circuit (frequency to voltage converter and ADC).The processed signal is then sent to a microcontroller wh i c h d e c o d e s t h e s i g na l a n d p e r f o r ms t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g a c t i o n i n a c c o r d a n c e wi t h t h e b u t t o n p r e s s e d i n t h e T V r e mo t e . F o r e x a mp l e , i f number 1 button on the remote is pressed, the load 1 say a lamp will be switched on/off according to the user`s requirement. Other tasks will be performed similarly. This project uses a 5V, 500mA regulated power supply. Three terminal voltage regulator type 7805 is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type f u l l wa v e r e c t i f i e r i s u s e d t o r e c t i f y t h e a c o u t p u t o f s e c o n d a r y o f 230/12V step down transformer. The programming language used for developing the software for the microcontroller is Embedded C/Assembly. The KEIL cross compiler is used to edit, compile and debug the program. Micro Flash programmer is used for burning the developed code on Keil on to the microcontroller c h i p . AT8 9 C 5 1 mi c r o c o n t r o l l e r which is a Flash Programmable IC is employed in this project. AT represents the Atmel Corporation and CMOS technology is used for designing the IC. This IC is one of the versions of 8051. Objective: Th e main ai m o f th is emb edd ed app lication is to con trol electrical appliances using TV Remote. TV REMOTE (IR TRANSMITTER) IR RECIEVER (SENSOR) AGC AND BAND PASS FILTER CIRCUITS DEMODULATOR CIRCUIT TSOP 1738 RELAY CIRCUITS (SWITCHES) AND CONTROLLING ELEMENTS MICRO CONTROLLER AT89S52 ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTOR (ADC) ST 3659 LOAD BLOCK DIAGRAM SHOWING CONTROL OF ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES THROUGH TV REMOTE SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION Processed TV remote signal will be made available at the at one of the ports of the microcontroller. The microcontroller checks the key pressed and performs the desired operation according to the program written in it by the user. The programming language used for developing the software for the microcontroller is Embedded C/Assembly. The KEIL cross compiler is used to edit, compile and debug the program. Micro Flash programmer is used for burning the developed code on Keil on to the microcontroller c h i p . A T8 9 C 5 1 mi c r o c o n t r o l l e r which is a Flash Programmable IC is employed in this project. AT represents the Atmel Corporation and CMOS technology is used for designing the IC. This IC is one of the versions of 8051. HARD WARE DESCRIPTION 1. TV REMOTE: A remote control is a component of an electronic device, most commonly a television, used for operating devices wirelessly from a short distance. 2. Sensor: A sensor (also called detector) is a device that measures a measurable attribute and converts it into a signal which can be read by an observer or by an instrument. 3. Infra Red(IR) RECEIVER : The TSOP17... – Series are miniaturized receivers for infrared remote control systems. PIN diode and preamplifier are assembled on lead frame, the epoxy package is designed as IR filter. The demodulated output signal can directly be decoded by a microprocessor. TSOP17.. is the standard IR remote control receiver series, supporting all major transmission codes. 4. Switching Transistor: A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch electronic signals and power. It is composed of a semiconductor material with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit. A voltage or current applied to one pair of the transistor's terminals changes the current flowing through another pair of terminals. Because the controlled (output) power can be much more than the controlling (input) power, a transistor can amplify a signal. Today, some transistors are packaged individually, but many more are found embedded in integrated circuits. 5. RELAY: A relay is an electrical switch that opens and closes under control of another electrical circuit. In the original form, the switch is operated by an electromagnet to open or close one or many sets of contacts.. Because a relay is able to control an output circuit of higher power than the input circuit, it can be considered, in a broad sense, to be a form of electrical amplifier. 6. POWER SUPPLY: The input to the circuit is applied from the regulated power supply. The a.c. input i.e., 230V from the mains supply is step down by the transformer to 12V and is fed to a rectifier. The output obtained from the rectifier is a pulsating d.c voltage. So in order to get a pure d.c voltage, the output voltage from the rectifier is fed to a filter to remove any a.c components present even after rectification. Now, this voltage is given to a voltage regulator to obtain a pure constant dc voltage 7. Analog to Digital Converters (ADC): Temperature, sound, light intensity, color, liquid or gas flow, position and speed are all examples physical parameters that may be used by a micro controller. These data are first converted to a voltage or current waveform using appropriate transducers. It is then the function of the ADC to convert the voltage or current to digital form for processing by the microprocessor. There are different types of ADC’s and the choice depends on the required accuracy, sampling rate and cost. Process Flow: The control of electrical appliances through TV remote can be achieved as follows. The IR signals emitted by the remote is sensed by the receiver TSOP1738. This is a high sensitive IR receiver which can sense 38 KHz IR light. The Signals received from the TV remote have variable frequency depending on the button pressed. These signals received by the receiver is first amplified and converted into a corresponding analog voltage. This operation is performed by the IC TSOP 1738. This analog voltage is converted to digital form by the ADC and then this digital information is sent as the input to the microcontroller. The microcontroller performs the desired action according to the button pressed in the remote. The output of the microcontroller is given to a relay driver through a switching transistor circuit for turning on the relay. The common point of the relay is connected to the supply voltage 230V, 50Hz and different resistances are connected to the normally closed (NC) point so that current delivered to the load is varied. The load can be a pedestal fan, a lamp etc., Advantages: Highly sensitive Coverage distance up to 10m Low cost and reliable circuit Can handle heavy loads up to 7A System can be switched into manual mode whenever required. Applications: Home appliance control Hotel lights/fan control Shops and Showrooms Industrial Applications Electronic toys