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8th Grade Health Chapter 4 Mental and Emotional Issues Disorder Terms Disorder A disturbance in the normal function of a part of the body Anxiety disorder A disorder in which intense anxiety or fear keeps a person from functioning normally Phobia An exaggerated fear of a specific situation or object Anxiety Disorders Types of Anxiety Disorders Disorder Symptoms Generalized Anxiety Disorder Restlessness, tiredness, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbances Panic Disorder Pounding heart, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, nausea, fear of losing control Phobia An intense or exaggerated fear of a specific situation or object Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder A need to perform behaviors over and over again, such as handwashing, counting, hoarding, or arranging possessions Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Withdrawal or depression after a distressing experience such as sexual abuse, natural disaster, accident, or witnessing violence Disorder Terms Cont. Schizophrenia Acrophobia Agoraphobia Astraphobia Claustrophobia Ecophobia Hydrophobia Kenophobia Noctiphobia Phasmophobia Socialphobia Tachophobia Zoophobia Disorders Schizophrenia A severe mental disorder in which people lose contact with reality Depression Among Teens Some studies suggest that as many as 20 percent of teens suffer from major depression. Teens who are depressed may turn to alcohol or other drugs. Left untreated, depression can become worse. If you know someone who is depressed, encourage that person to talk to a parent or other trusted adult. Depression Among Teens Warning Signs of Depression Irritability, anger, or anxiety Feelings of worthlessness or guilt Lack of energy, feeling tired all the time Indifference to things that used to bring pleasure Significant change in sleep patterns Pessimism Inability to concentrate Physical problems that can’t be explained Putting blame on other people for their problems Thoughts of death or suicide Kinds of Mental and Emotional Disorders MYTH Mental and emotional problems are not true illnesses. MYTH People with mental and emotional problems can just “shake if off.” Dealing with Depression Two sources of help for depression are: SPAN USA (Suicide Prevention Action Network) National Youth Violence Prevention Resource Center Both of these organizations have Web sites and telephone hot lines. Assignment 1 1. Evaluate the following: Carl had worked hard on his entry for the school science fair. He was sad when he did not win an award for his project. Do you think Carl was experiencing major depression? Explain your answer. Suicide Suicide The intentional taking of one’s own life It is important to recognize the warning signs of suicide and seek help if you or someone you know is suffering from severe depression. Causes of Teen Suicide Causes of Depression that can Lead to Suicide A family breakup A death in the family Alcoholism or other drug dependencies within the family Witnessing domestic violence or being a victim of physical or sexual abuse Inability to handle pressure of at school or at home Unsupportive family Feelings of being disconnected from or rejected by peers Warning Signs of Suicide ! Warning Signs of Suicide ! Sharing suicide plans openly. Dropping hints through words and actions. A sudden fascination with the topic of death. Dramatic changes in the person’s appearance. Self-destructive behavior. Withdrawal from friends, family, and regular activities. A sudden change in mood. Providing Support Ways of Providing Support Talk to the person. Show an interest in the person’s problem. Do not be afraid to ask whether the individual is planning to harm him or her self. Urge the person to share his or her feelings and thoughts with a trusted adult. Never promise to keep suicide plans a secret. Dealing with Depression Suicide is never the answer. Feelings of depression do not go on forever. You are not alone. Assignment 2 1. Evaluate the actions or behaviors that suggest that a teen might be thinking about suicide and give two examples. 2. Evaluate the following: Larry’s friend Pete has been very down since his father’s death. Lately, Pete seems to be better. However, he has offered Larry his skateboard and his best jacket. Should Larry be concerned about his friend? What to Do If You Need Help If you feel that you need help, talk to a parent or guardian, the school nurse, a counselor at school, or other trusted adult. The person you speak to may be able to help you or point you toward someone who can, such as a mental health professional. You Might Need Help If You Might Need Help If… you have been feeling sad or angry for two weeks or longer. you want to spend all your time alone. your feelings affect your sleep, eating habits, schoolwork, or relationships with family and peers. you feel “out of control,” or feel worried or nervous all the time. Kinds of Help Therapy An approach that teaches you different ways of thinking or behaving For many emotional problems, professional counseling, or therapy, is often needed. Therapy setting include: Individual therapy Group therapy Family therapy Deals with family relations Drug Treatment Therapy Many medicines used to treat emotional disorders work to restore chemical imbalances in the brain. These medicines can provide relief for depression and other mental disorders. Drug therapy medicines are not right for everyone. Drug therapy medicines do not treat every mental and emotional problem. Drug therapy medicines are not meant as a replacement for therapy. Assignment 3 1. Hypothesis about what Ernesto should do: Ernesto has been feeling sad every day for the last two weeks and he doesn’t know why. What should he do?