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Secretion of melatonin. Retinohypothalamic fibers synapse in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), and there are connections from the SCN to sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord that project to the superior cervical ganglion. Postganglionic neurons project from this ganglion to the pineal gland that secretes melatonin. The cyclic activity of SCN sets up a circadian rhythm for melatonin release. This rhythm is entrained to light/dark cycles by neurons in the retina. (From Fox SI: Human Physiology. McGraw-Hill, 2008.) Source: Chapter 14. Electrical Activity of the Brain, Sleep—Wake States, & Circadian Rhythms, Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 24e Citation: Barrett KE, Boitano S, Barman SM, Brooks HL. Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 24e; 2012 Available at: http://mhmedical.com/ Accessed: May 08, 2017 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved