Download the roman empire iii

THE ROMAN EMPIRE III- OCTAVIAN
- Octavian was only 18 when his adopted father Julius Caesar was
assassinated
- Was confident and mature for his age
- He secured his position with the help of his army, i.e. he marched
on the city of Rome and claimed his inheritance
- Octavian created the _____________________________________
With Marc Anthony and Lepidus in 43 BCE
- Octavian defeated Lepidus ( the weakest member ) and acquired
power over the western portion of the Empire
- Marc Anthony was married to Octavian’s sister, aptly named :
________________________
- Anthony decided to go to ____________________________ in
order to acquire the financial support and supplies needed to
continue his struggle for control of Rome
- Anthony felt justified in this endeavor as he had always seen himself
as a Hellenistic Sovereign and felt Cleopatra Ptolemy would be
sympathetic to his cause
- He fell under the spell of Cleopatra’s charms and promptly divorced
Octavia, this hereby severed any ties to _______________________
- In fact he gave land back to Egypt that it had lost to Rome under
Octavian
- He married Cleopatra and together they had three children who
were pronounced kings and were given Roman _______________
to rule/govern
- The rumor back in Rome was that Anthony wanted to move the
capital to ________________________________
- Octavian meanwhile consolidated his position in Rome: he had
himself appointed Consul and revealed to the politicians that
Anthony had written a will in which he left everything to
_____________________________ and their children
- Fears increased that Anthony was trying to move the center of
power from Rome to Alexandria
- The Senate feared this & deposed him from his command in the
East (Rome despised the idea of a foreign Queen)
- Off the West coast of Greece at ACTIUM in 31 BCE a battle ensued
between Octavian and Anthony
- Cleopatra withdrew her support (60) ships leaving Anthony’s fleet
in confusion
- Anthony pursued Cleopatra, leaving command of his fleet to
others resulting in their defeat- they surrendered to Octavian
- Octavian pursued Anthony to ______________________________
- Here Anthony challenged Octavian to personal combat
- Prior to the combat, Anthony was duped into believing that
Cleopatra had committed _________________________; where
upon he stabbed himself .He was then told the story was a lie and
was brought to Cleopatra before he died
- Cleopatra did commit suicide, but not until she had tried and failed
at the seduction of Octavian (who had heard the stories and even
refused to look at her… for fear he’d be entranced or spell bound)
- Cleopatra is said to have held an asp to her breast, allowing it to bite
her
- Octavian returned to Rome and was appointed the first Roman
________________________________ by the Senate
- Seems to have used ‘reverse psychology’ in that, he marched in and
rather than seize what he was entitled to, he laid down his authority
- This method/ploy was met with a show of good faith by the Senate
and they in turn restored his power
- The Senate believed that the only way for the Empire to survive was
to consolidate power in one person… OCTAVIAN for the sake of
peace and prosperity
- He called himself EMPEROR AUGUSTUS and later changed the
title to “CAESAR AUGUSTUS” in recognition of the role played by
Julius Caesar in the movement toward creating the position
- Augustus means: “ _______________________________________”
- From then on Emperors were deified and the Cult of the Emperor
began as did the practice of Emperor worship
- Octavian had Anthony and Cleopatra buried together & had
Caesarian killed so he could never rule Rome as Caesar’s son