Download PATHOGEN SAFETY DATA SHEET West Nile Virus (WNV)

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PATHOGEN SAFETY DATA SHEET
West Nile Virus (WNV)
CHARACTERISTICS
Morphology
Growth Conditions
An icosahedral, enveloped virus of 40 to 50 nm in
diameter. It has a single stranded, positive-sense RNA
genome.
Tissue culture
HEALTH HAZARDS
Host Range
Modes of
Transmission
Signs and
Symptoms
Infectious Dose
Incubation Period
Humans, mosquitoes, ticks, horses, alligators, rodents,
Primarily from infected mosquitoes. Other possible
routes include: blood transfusion, vertical
transmission, breast milk, organ transplantation,
contact of the conjunctiva with contaminated bodily
secretions from infected birds, and laboratory
accidents involving sharps.
Sudden onset fever with chills, headache, backache,
malaise, arthralgia, myalgia and eye pain. Nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea, sore throat and cough. Less than 1
% of WNV infected individuals develop meningitis,
encephalitis and/or acute flaccid paralysis.
Unknown
2-6 days, but could extend to 14 days.
MEDICAL PRECAUTIONS/TREATMENT
Prophylaxis
Vaccines
Treatment
Surveillance
MSU Requirements
None available.
None available.
None currently available for WNV fever. Supportive
therapy for encephalitis include: intravenous fluid,
electrolyte management, assisted respiration,
anticonvulsants, management of cerebral edema, and
prevention of secondary bacterial infections.
Monitor for symptoms, confirm via virus isolation from
blood or cerebrospinal fluid.
Report any exposures.
CONTAINMENT REQUIREMENTS
BSL3
ABSL3
SPILL PROCEDURES
Small
Notify others working in the lab. Remove and don
new PPE. Cover area of the spill with absorbent
material and add 10 % Bleach. Allow 30 minutes
hour of contact time. After 30 minutes and then
cleanup and dispose of materials.
Large
For assistance, contact MSU's Biosafety Officer (406994-6998) or Safety and Risk Management (406-9942711).
EXPOSURE PROCEDURES
Mucous membrane
Other Exposures
Reporting
Medical Follow-up
VIABILITY
LABORATORY HAZARDS
Disinfection
Laboratory
Acquired Infections
(LAIs)
Inactivation
Sources
Twenty cases have been reported of workers who
acquired WNV following percutaneous inoculation
while handling infected fluids and tissues with no
deaths.
Blood, cerebrospinal fluid, tissues, infected arthropods,
oral and cloacal swabs and feather pulp.
Survival Outside Host
BMBL:5th Edition
CDC
http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/lab-bio/res/psdsftss/index-eng.php
http://www.cdc.gov/biosafety/publications/bmbl5/BM
BL.pdf
http://www.cdc.gov/listeria/index.html
Flush eyes, mouth or nose for 5 minutes at eyewash
station.
Wash area with soap and water for 5 minutes.
Immediately report incident to supervisor, complete
a first report of injury report, and submit to Safety
and Risk Management.
During business hours:
Montana Occupational Health
2075 Charlotte St. Suite 3
Bozeman, MT
After business hours:
Bozeman Deaconess Hospital
Emergency Room
915 Highland Blvd
Bozeman, MT
Susceptible to 10 % Bleach, 70 % ethanol, and 2 %
gluteraldehyde, 3 % formaldehyde.
Inactivated by moist heat (15 minutes at 121oC) and
dry heat (1 hour at 160-170oC).
Low temperatures preserve infectivity, with stability
being greatest below -60oC.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)
Minimum PPE
Requirements
At minimum, gloves, closed toed shoes, lab coat,
and appropriate face and eye protection prior to
working with West Nile Virus. Respiratory
protection is also be required. Additional PPE may
be required depending on lab specific SOPs.
Additional
Precautions
Not applicable.
SUPPLEMENTAL REFERENCES
Canadian MSDS:
For all procedures involving suspected or known
infectious specimen or cultures.
For all procedures involving animals infected with West
Nile virus