Download The digestive system

THE DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
SPORTS NUTRITION (P2)
Learning Outcomes
Understand the process and function of the
digestive system
Be able to label the digestive system
https://youtu.be/_QYwscALNng
Label the digestive system
The buccal cavity
Ingestion takes place and where
digestion begins
Mechanical digestion
Salivary glands secrete saliva,
mucus and amylase
Amylase is an enzyme that
breaks down carbohydrate which
is called chemical digestion
The breakdown food is
swallowed, known as bolus
The oesophagus
Takes the bolus down to the
stomach through smooth
muscle contractions called
perisistalis
Stomach
Has 2 sphincters called the cardiac and
pyloric
Cardiac allows food in from the
oesophagus and the pyloric releases it into
the duodenum
Mechanical digestion id churning from the
stomach muscles
Chemical digestion is when hydrochloric
acid and pepsinogen, the enzyme used to
break down protein
Stomach lining replaces itself every 3 days
Rug, the ridges produced by the folding of
the wall to allow the stomach to expand
Duodenum
First part of the small
intestine
The partially digested food is
now called chyme
Pancreas
Located in the abdominal cavity behind
the stomach
It is an endocrine gland producing several
important hormones, including insulin,
glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic
polypeptide which circulate in the blood.
The pancreas is also a digestive organ,
secreting pancreatic juice containing
digestive enzymes that assist digestion
and absorption of nutrients in the small
intestine
These enzymes help to further break
down the carbohydrates, proteins, and
lipids in the chyme
Liver
The liver is a large, meaty organ that sits
on the right side of the belly protected by
the rib cage
The liver has two large sections with the
gallbladder sitting underneath, along with
parts of the pancreas and intestines
The liver's main job is to filter the blood
coming from the digestive tract, before
passing it to the rest of the body
The liver also detoxifies chemicals and
metabolises drugs. As it does so, the liver
secretes bile that ends up back in the
intestines
The liver also makes proteins important for
blood clotting and other functions
Gall bladder
The gallbladder is a small,
pouch-like organ in the
upper right part of your
tummy
It stores bile, a fluid
produced by the liver that
helps break down fatty foods
Jejunum and villi
The second part of the small
intestine
It’s lining specialises in the
absorption of
monosaccharides and amino
acids
Villi absorbs nutrients and
line the small intestine
Contain a lacteal, connected
to a lymphatic vessel
Ileum
The third and final part of
the small intestine
Absorbs mainly B12 used
for a healthy nervous
system, building red blood
cells and using energy from
nutrients
Walls are thinner here
Kidneys
The kidneys are a pair of organs located
in the back of the abdomen. Each kidney
is about 4 or 5 inches long, about the size
of a fist
The kidneys' function are to filter the
blood. All the blood in our bodies passes
through the kidneys several times a day
The kidneys remove wastes, control the
body's fluid balance, and regulate the
balance of electrolytes.
As the kidneys filter blood, they create
urine, which collects in the kidneys' pelvis,
funnel-shaped structures that drain down
tubes called ureters to the bladder
Enzymes
Reaction
catalysed
Produced
Amylase
Starch - Sugars
Salivary glands,
pancreas & small
intestine
Protease
Stomach,
Proteins - Amino
pancreas & small
Acids
intestine
Enzyme
Lipase
Lipids - Fatty
acids + glycerol
Pancreas & small
intestine
Digestive juices – Research task
Amylase
Saliva
Gastric juices
Pepsin
Rennin
What role do they play
in digestion?
Create a spider diagram
Pancreatic juice
Amylase, lipase and trips
Bile
Success enteric
Report back to the class
with your findings..