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Biology I
Unit 7
MASTERY
4.04 ______ 3.05 ______ 4.03 _______
Name: _____________________________
Date: ______________ Block: __________
4.01 _______TB Quiz ________
4.04: Analyze and explain the interactive role of internal and external factors in health and disease.
1. How does a vaccine work?
A. It prevents the disease-causing agent from entering
the body
B. It attacks the disease-causing agent as soon as it
enters the body
C. It triggers the immune system to produce
antibodies to fight the disease-causing agent
D. It allows the blood to filter out the disease-causing
agent
2. Environmental toxins like lead and mercury are
responsible for causing which of the following?
A. An increase in exposure to viruses and bacteria
B. An increase in developmental defects and mental
retardation
C. A decrease in antibodies to fight off infections
D. A decrease in the number of parasites that may
cause diseases
3. The blood of newborn babies is tested to determine the
presence of a certain substance. This substance
indicates the genetic disorder PKU, which may result
in mental retardation. Babies born with this disorder
are put on a special diet so that mental retardation will
not develop. In this situation, modification of the
baby’s diet is an example of how biological research
can be used to
A. Change faulty genes
B. Cure a disorder
C. Stimulate immunity
D. Control a disorder
Use the image below to answer questions 5-7.
A
C
B
D
4. Which of the following represents the B cell?
A. Structure A
B. Structure B
C. Structure C
D. Structure D
5. An important thing about structure C is which of the
following?
A. It is a protein that unique is to each virus that
infects the cell
B. It can be used to destroy any pathogen that enters
the body
C. It is produced by a T cell
D. It is an example of a nucleic acid
6. What is another term that correctly describes structure
D?
A. Antibody
B. Antigen
C. Bacteria
D. Vaccine
7. Which of the following is predetermined by your
genetic makeup?
A. Malaria
B. Hemophilia
C. Influenza
D. Tuberculosis
8. From analyzing diseases like lung cancer, sickle cell
anemia, and diabetes, we can conclude that
A. Your genotype guarantees what diseases and
illnesses you will contract
B. You genotype is influenced by the decisions you
make and the environment you live in
C. The genotype is not as important as the phenotype
D. The environment and your genes can only interact
when you are a baby, not as an adult
3.05: Examine the development of the theory of evolution by natural selection.
The diagram below illustrates a change that took place in a rabbit population over a period of 10 years.
1. Which condition would explain this change over time?
A. A decrease in the mutation rate in rabbits with black fur
B. A decrease in the advantage of having white fur
C. An increase in the advantage of having white fur
D. An increase in the chromosome number of rabbits with black fur
Base your answer to question 2 on the diagram below:
2. The similarities of the bones labeled A provide evidence that
A. The organisms may have evolved from a common ancestor
B. All species have one kind of bone structure
C. The cells of the bones contain the same types of mutations
D. All structural characteristics are the same in animals
3. What type of organism evolved first?
A. Heterotrophic eukaryotes
B. Autotrophic eukaryotes
C. Heterotrophic prokaryotes
D. Autotrophic prokaryotes
4. Islands are the habitats of many of the world’s rarest species. Which of the following factors contributes most to this
situation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Small land area
Genetic isolation
Limited food variety
Fewer predators
5. According to some scientists, the environmental conditions existing on primitive Earth caused what to happen?
A. Evolution of the first heterotrophs from groups of organic molecules
B. Development of heterotrophic forms of life from plants
C. Migration of vertebrates to cooler portions of Earth
D. Decrease in asexual reproduction in primitive organisms
6. According to Darwin’s theory of evolution, differences between species may be the result of which of the following?
A. Acquired characteristics
B. Natural selection
C. Application of mutagenic agents
D. Unfavorable adaptations
Use the image below to answer questions 7:
7. The diagram below shows undisturbed sedimentary strata at the bottom of an ocean. The fossils found in layer B
resemble the fossils found in layer A. This similarity suggests that
A. The fossils in layer B were formed before the fossils in layer A
B. Modern forms of life may have evolved from earlier forms of life
C. Vertebrate fossils are only found in sediments
D. The fossils in layer A must be more complex than those in layer B
8. When does it become difficult to cure a disease caused by bacteria?
A. When the bacteria die off
B. When the bacteria mutate into viruses
C. When the bacteria produce antibodies
D. When the bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics
4.03: Assess, describe, and explain adaptations affecting survival and reproductive success.
1. What happens when two species co-evolve?
A. One species causes the other to become extinct
B. Two species change to become one new species
C. One species separates into two different species
D. Each species affects the evolution of the other
2. What force determines whether an adaptation is favorable?
A. The organism’s mate
B. The environment
C. The offspring
D. DNA proofreading
3. Mutations can be considered as one of the raw materials of evolution because they
A. Contribute to new variations in organisms
B. Are usually related to the environment in which they appear
C. Are usually beneficial to the organism in which they appear
D. Usually cause species of organisms to become extinct
4. In a pond where there are a lot of predators, the color of male fish tends to be dark and drab instead of bright and
colorful due to which of the following?
A. Having a dark and drab color is an unfavorable adaptation
B. Having a dark and drab color prevents the male fish from reproducing
C. Having a dark and drab color helps the males obtain more food
D. Having a dark and drab color helps the fish survive better
5. Organisms with favorable variations reproduce more successfully than organisms with less favorable variations. This
statement best describes the concept of
A. Overproduction
B. Use and disuse
C. Inheritance of acquired characteristics
D. Survival of the fittest
6. Over time the available nutrients in the soil of a particular ecosystem decrease. Which adaptation is most likely to
develop in plant species that live in that soil?
A. Taller plants
B. Plants with deeper roots
C. Plants with bigger flowers
D. Plants that demand less water
7. How does mimicry help an organism better adapt to its environment?
A. It enables the organism to be killed more frequently
B. It enables the organism to look less threatening to predators
C. It enables the organism to look more aggressive so it is left alone
D. It enables the organism to look more tasty to predators
8. Which of the following is not an example of an adaptation?
A. Animals that hunt in the night have large eyes
B. One member of a wolf litter is born with shorter legs than its siblings
C. The pattern of leopard fur makes it hard to see in the tall grass
D. Bullfrogs calls can be heard by potential mates hundreds of meters away
4.01: Analyze the classification of organisms according to their evolutionary relationships.
1. An organism is eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic, and has a cell wall. To which kingdom does it belong?
A. Animalia
C. Fungi
B. Plantae
D. Protista
2. Salmonella typhosa is an organism which causes food poisoning. The word “Salmonella” represents this organism’s
A. Phylum
C. Species
B. Genus
D. Order
3. Classification schemes may change due to which of the following reasons?
A. The DNA is sequenced for two organisms, discovering many similarities
B. Looking at the embryos, scientists see developmental similarities between the organisms
C. Dissections show that there are similar bones that perform different functions in two organisms
D. All of the above
4. Which of the following would be classified as a prokaryotic cell?
Cell
A
Cell
B
Cell
C
Cell
D
Ribosome
Cell
Wall
Circular
DNA
Nucleus
Cell
Membrane
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
5. Use the dichotomous key below to identify the following bird:
A. Phasianus colchicus
B. Haliaeetus leucocephalus
A.
B.
C.
D.
Cell A
Cell B
Cell C
Cell D
C. Colinus virginianus
D. Bubo virginianus
6. Which two organisms in the chart below have chromosomes that are most similar in genetic
composition?
Category
Organism A
Organism B
Phylum
Class
Genus
Species
Trachaeophyta
Angiospermae
Taxacarum
officinale
Chordata
Mammalia
Canis
familiaris
A.
B.
C.
D.
7.
Organism
C
Chordata
Mammalia
Canis
lupus
Organism
D
Chordata
Mammalia
Homo
sapiens
A and B
B and C
C and D
A and D
In the cladogram below, which organisms have amniotic eggs and hair?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Crocodiles and birds
Rabbits and primates
Amphibians and birds
Amphibians and primates
8. Which organism shown below is NOT correctly labeled with its kingdom?
A.
B.
C.
D.