Download THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
bill nye part 1
I. TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
* delivers OXYGEN to cells (RBC’S)
* removes CARBON DIOXIDE
* transports NUTRIENTS to body cells
* defense (WBC’S & PLATELETS)
* transports chemicals (ex. HORMONES)
II. BLOOD VESSELS
A. ARTERIES
* AWAY from the heart
* carry oxygenated blood
(LOTS of OXYGEN)
B. VEINS
* TOWARD the heart
* deoxygenated blood
(LOTS of CO2)
* have VALVES
- prevent blood from
flowing back
C. CAPILLARIES
* CONNECT arteries to veins
* TINY (one RBC through at a time)
III. HEART
* 4 hollow chambers separated by the SEPTUM
A. ATRIA (ATRIUM)
- collecting chambers
B. VENTRICLES
- pumping chambers
* PACEMAKER controls heartbeat;
electrical signals
IV. THE JOURNEY
- starts on the right side
A. RIGHTATRIUM
* blood OXYGEN poor (deoxygenated)
* lots of CARBON DIOXIDE
* returning from BODY
* blood passes through VALVE to:
B. RIGHT VENTRICLE
* pumps blood to LUNGS
* CO2 exhaled & O2 picked up
* blood returns to the:
C. LEFT ATRIUM
* lots of OXYGEN
* blood passes through VALVE to:
D. LEFT VENTRICLE
* pumps blood to entire body through the
AORTA
- largest ARTERY
* 6X stronger than right ventricle
V. BLOOD
* CONNECTIVE tissue
* 5 liters
A. PLASMA
- LIQUID portion
- 55% of blood (90% of this WATER)
- contains NUTRIENTS, ENZYMES,
HORMONES, WASTES
B. RED BLOOD CELLS
- ERYTHROCYTES
- 25 TRILLION
- transport O2 & CO2
- contain HEMOGLOBIN (iron containing
protein)
C. WHITE BLOOD CELLS
- LEUKOCYTES
- fight DISEASE; defense system
- 700 RBC : 1 WBC
D. PLATELETS
- CELL FRAGMENTS
- aid in blood CLOTTING
* FIBRIN:
- helps blood clot; mesh trap
VI. BLOOD GROUPS
** In 1900, Karl Landsteiner classified blood
into 4 groups:
* type of blood determined by presence
or absence of ANTIGENS ON RBC’S
TYPE
CAN RECEIVE FROM
CAN DONATE TO
* O = UNIVERSAL DONOR
* AB = UNIVERSAL RECIPIENT
If any of 18 proteins in blood: POSITIVE
No Rh proteins in blood: NEGATIVE
* AGGLUTINATION- if given the wrong blood type, RBC’S clump (can’t transport O2)
VII. CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
* affect the heart and BLOOD VESSELS
A.
A. ATHEROSCLEROSIS
* ARTERIES narrowed
* caused by CHOLESTEROL (fatty)
deposits
** ARTERIOSCLEROSIS
- hardening of the arteries
B. HYPERTENSION
* HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE
~ BLOOD PRESSURE produced by the force of blood &
the resistance of the blood vessel walls
~ b.p. rises each time the  CONTRACTS to pump blood
through blood vessels and falls each time the 
RELAXES between beats
C. MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
* HEART ATTACK
* blood flow to heart stopped
open heart surgery
STROKE
D. ANEMIA
* blood transports too little OXYGEN
* low IRON
DO THIS…
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READ 943-946
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- ANSWER QUESTION 4
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