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ENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISE
(1) GLUCOSE + ATP  GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE + ADP + H+
(2) CH3CH2OH + NAD+  (CH3)CHO + NADH + H+
(3) ATP + H2O  ADP + Pi
(4) CH3(CO)COO- + H+  CH3CHO +
(PYRUVATE)
(ACETALDEHYDE)
CO2
(5) CH3(CO)COO- + ATP + CO2  ADP + Pi + -OOC-CH2 (C0) COO(OXALOACETATE)
-OOC
(6)
H
|
|
C = C
|
|
H
COO-

H H
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|
C=C
|
|
-OOC
COO-
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISE
(7) OXALOACETATE + GTP  PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE + GDP
+ CO2
(8) ASP + -KETOGLUTARATE  OXALOACETATE + GLU
(9) 3-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE  2-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE
(10) -OOC-CH2-CH2-COO- + FAD  -OOC-CH=CH-COO- + FADH2
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION
ANSWERS TO IN-CLASS EXERCISE
(1) TRANSFERASE (HEXOKINASE)
(2) OXIDOREDUCTASE (ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE)
(3) HYDROLASE (ATPase)
(4) LYASE (PYRUVATE DECARBOXYLASE)
(5) LIGASE (PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE)
(6) ISOMERASE (MALEATE ISOMERASE)
(7) HYDROLASE (PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE
CARBOXYKINASE)
(8) TRANSFERASE (AMINOTRANSFERASE)
(9) PHOSPHOGLYCERATE MUTASE
(10) OXIDOREDUCTASE (SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE)
OXIDOREDUCTASES
CATALYZE REDOX REACTIONS
SOME COMMON TYPES:
–
–
–
–
REDUCTASES
DEHYDROGENASES
OXIDASES
OXYGENASES
LOOK FOR INVOLVEMENT OF COENZYMES
– NAD+ , NADP+, FAD, FMN
TRANSFERASES
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
SOME EXAMPLES:
– TRANSFERASES
– PHOSPHORYLASES
TRANSFER OF Pi OR PPi
– KINASES
A PHOSPHATE TRANSFER
UTILIZE OR GENERATE ATP
HYDROLASES
HYDROLYSIS REACTIONS
WATER MOLECULES USED TO BREAK
BONDS
EXAMPLES:
– PHOSPHATASES
– PEPTIDASES
– ATPase, GTPase
LYASES
CATALYZES REACTIONS THAT
– GENERATE A DOUBLE BOND
– ADDS A SUBSTRATE MOLECULE TO
DOUBLE BOND OF A SECOND SUBSTRATE
EXAMPLES:
– DECARBOXYLASES
– DEHYDRATASES
– ALDOLASE
ISOMERASES
CONVERSION OF ONE ISOMERIC FORM
INTO ANOTHER
EXAMPLES:
–
–
–
–
ISOMERASES
EPIMERASES
RACEMASES
MUTASES
LIGASES
TWO MOLECULES ARE JOINED
ANABOLIC REACTIONS
REQUIRE NUCLEOTIDES (ATP, GTP) TO
DRIVE THEM
– A PYROPHOSPHATE BOND MUST BE BROKEN
EXAMPLES:
– CARBOXYLASE
– SYNTHETASES
DON’T CONFUSE SYNTHETASES WITH
SYNTHASES
ONGOING EXERCISE
USING THE PRECEEDING PRINCIPLES
OF ENZYME CLASSIFICATION, MAKE
SURE THAT YOU CAN IDENTIFY THE
CLASS OF ENZYME FOR EACH
ENZYME THAT WE STUDY AND
RATIONALIZE WHY IT FITS INTO THAT
PARTICULAR CLASS