Download Diagramming Parts of the Sentence:

4th Quarter Final Review/Study Guide
Name ________________________________
Section One: Diagramming Parts of the Sentence – a visual representation of the parts of a the sentence
Waterline- holds the subject and the verb of the
sentence
Subject- who or what is doing the action of the
sentence
Fishing pole- divides the subject from the verb on the
water line
Verb- action or linking; what is happening in
the sentence
Diving board- represents a subject complement or
subject completer; follows a linking verb
Linking verb- links the subject to the subject
complement; does NOT show action (is, am,
are, was, were, been, being, become, be)
Dock- represents a direct object; follows an action
verb
Article- “a”, “an”, “the”
Sinker- is under the water line and holds adjectives,
adverbs, and articles
Adjective- describes a noun or pronoun (Susan
bought a shiny, red car.)
Preposition- is under the waterline and represents a
preposition; this line must have a tail
Adverb- describes an adjective or a verb (She
quickly packed her things.)
Missile- represents a compound part of the sentence
Direct object- follows an action verb; answers
“who” or “what” to the action verb
Indirect object- often found between the action verb and direct object; answers “who” or “what” to the
direct object
Prepositional phrase/preposition explains the relation between two words or tells where (The trash can
is located beside the door.)
Object of the preposition answers “who” or “what” to the preposition (The trash can is located beside
the door.)
Subject completer follows the linking verb and describes the subject; usually an adjective (Mr.
Winchester is excited.)
Practice your skills by diagramming the following sentences:
Mrs. Luna bought a new couch.
Ms. Whittle quickly ran to the office.
Mr. Otto found a secret note in the hallway.
Mrs. West enjoys reading and cooking.
4th Quarter Final Review/Study Guide
Name ________________________________
Section Two: Correct Pronoun Usage in Writing
Pronoun- a word used in place of a noun
Pronouns and Antecedents MUST agree in:
Antecedent- the word that the pronoun is
replacing or referring to in a sentence
In regard to number, pronouns can be:
1. gender
1. singular
2. number
2. plural
3. case
In regard to gender, pronouns may be:
Pronouns can be any of the following cases:
1. masculine
1. subject
2. feminine
2. object
3. neuter
Examples of Subject Case Pronouns:
3. possessive
Examples of Object Case Pronouns:
1. I
2. you
1. me
2. you
3. he
4. she
3. him
4. her
5. it
6. we
5. it
6. us
7. they
7. them
“Who” is a(n) subject case pronoun.
“Whom” is a(n) object case pronoun.
Section Three: Effective Sentences to Enhance Your Writing
Sentence – contains a subject, verb, and complete
thought
1) Simple – only contains independent clause;
Fragment – missing a complete thought
2) Complex – contains one independent and at
least one dependent clause;
Run-on – two or more sentences without proper
punctuation
3) Compound – contains at least two independent
clauses combined by a comma and conjunction;
semicolon; or semicolon, transition word, comma;
Choppy – several very short sentences in a row
4) Compound-Complex – contains at least two
independent clauses and at least one dependent
clause
Stringy – multiple independent clauses (3 or more)
joined by conjunctions only
Ms. Whittle misses the beach 
4th Quarter Final Review/Study Guide
Name ________________________________
Section Four: Narrative Writing
Narrative Writing-purpose is to entertain
Theme - the overall moral, value, or lesson that
the character learns
Flashback - character relives a memory or thinks
back to a memory
Protagonist - the good person in the story
Pacing - the speed of the story; how fast or slow
the story goes through the plot
Antagonist - the bad guy or villain of the story
Dialogue - written conversation between
characters
Reflection - when the character thinks back on the
story and the lesson that he/she learned
Exposition - the setting, characters, and conflict
are introduced (1st part of plot)
Plot - the events in a story (exposition, rising
action, climax, falling action, resolution)
Rising action - events leading up to the climax;
suspense and empathy are built into the story
Setting - time and place a story occurs
Climax - the highest part or most exciting point in
the story
Conflict - problem or struggle (internal/external)
Falling action - events following the climax;
problem begins to be solved
Suspense - the intense feeling; cliffhanger
Resolution - the problem is solved; REFLECTION
occurs in resolution
Empathy - the ability to understand a character’s
feelings
Thought-shot - the reader is able to “see” the
character’s thoughts (NOT A MEMORY)
Section Five: Expository Writing (Informational)
Informational/Expository Writing- purpose is to inform (no opinions)
Thesis - states the main idea of the writing piece
Opinion - an idea that can NOT be proven
Topic sentence - states the main idea of a body
paragraph
Bias - presents one idea in a more favorable light;
should NOT be in this writing
Clincher - sentence that ends a body paragraph
Relevant - details that are ON topic and support
the main idea
Home-run sentence - last sentence in the essay;
wraps essay up
Irrelevant - details that are OFF topic and don’t
support the main idea
4th Quarter Final Review/Study Guide
Name ________________________________
Section Six: Persuasive Writing (Argumentative)
Argumentative Writing- the purpose is to persuade
Claim - the writer’s opinion; the overall point of
the piece
Argument - the three supporting details that prove
the claim
Counter-claim - the overall opposite of your
CLAIM
Counter-argument - there will be 3 (one for each
body paragraph); each one represents the
opposite of one argument
Evidence/Supporting details -details that support
the body paragraph arguments
Rebuttal - the “comeback” to each counterargument
Section Seven: On Demand Writing
Explain and describe the T is TAP: Task (what are you having to write)
Explain and describe the A is TAP: Audience (who are you writing for)
Explain and describe the P is TAP: Purpose (what is the purpose of the piece…PIE)
Explain and describe the P is PED: Point
Explain and describe the E is PED: Evidence
Explain and describe the D is PED: Discuss
 The final will be worth 200 points, and will
consist of 50 multiple choice questions.