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General Physics EXAM STUDY GUIDE FORMAT: Semester 2 2011 Barnard Multiple choice (scantron) - questions will require calculations, interpretation of diagrams and concepts. Exam counts 10% of your semester grade Topics: Newton’s laws of motion, projectile motion, energy, power, center of mass, torque, impulse and momentum, circular motion, waves & resonance Bring a calculator to the exam You must turn in your textbook in our classroom when you take your exam WHAT TO DO: 1) For each topic, make a list of all quantities, their symbols and units 2) Make a list of all equations that model each topic 3) Make up example problems to solve for each variable (one at a time!) in the equations. 4) Review textbook chapters: 4, 6, 7-9, 13, 14, 25 (sec.1-8), 26 (sec. 5-8) 37 (sec. 7-8) look at the Summary; Review questions and Think and Explain questions for each chapter. 5) Review your test corrections 6) Review your class notes, worksheets, labs 7) Organize the terms (reverse side) by topic and make a concept map of the ideas for each topic Energy (Ch.8) Be able to identify types of energy that are transferred Projectile Motion (ch. 6) Be able to draw a force diagram for a projectile between objects (kinetic, gravitational potential, elastic Be able to calculate horizontal and vertical displacements and potential, dissipated). velocities for a projectile Draw energy bar charts that describe energy transfers between Identify a projectile’s acceleration in each direction objects at different points in time. Write and solve conservation of energy problems that are Forces and Newton’s Laws of Motion (Ch. 4) Be able to draw or recognize force diagrams for an object in a consistent with these bar chart diagrams. state of rest, constant velocity, or acceleration. State and apply the Law of Conservation of Energy. Understand what happens to an object as long as a net force is Distinguish between total energy and change in energy acting on it. Be able to calculate Power Understand the difference between weight, mass, and Circular Motion (Ch. 13) gravitational field strength. Be able to calculate these Distinguish average velocity from instantaneous velocities quantities. (such as initial and final velocities) and from change in Understand what the slope of a Net force vs. acceleration velocity. graph means. Be able to draw and recognize correct force diagrams for objects moving in a curved path. Center of Mass and Torque (Ch. 9, 14) Be able to determine the speed of the center of mass of a Be able to calculate velocity, centripetal acceleration and net system of 2 objects. force for an object moving in a circular path. Distinguish between stable, unstable and neutral equilibrium For a person on a roller coaster, be able to calculate the normal and be able to explain why object topple. force at hills, valleys and loops. Be able to calculate torque. Waves and Resonance (Ch. 25-26) Understand what is vibrating in a mechanical wave (sound) Momentum and Impulse (Ch. 7) Define momentum and distinguish between momentum, mass, compared to an EM wave. and velocity. Distinguish momentum from change in Give examples of mechanical waves and EM waves. momentum. Identify parts of a wave such as amplitude and wavelength. Define impulse and distinguish between impulse and net force. Calculate wave quantities such as wavelength, period, Understand how to calculate impulse from a Net force vs. time frequency, velocity. graph. Know the speed of electromagnetic waves through space = c Describe the relationship between impulse and momentum. Explain what a standing wave is Use the concepts of impulse and momentum to explain Explain what causes objects to resonate "cushioning" and other effects. Explain how resonance relates to harmonics State and apply the Law of Conservation of Momentum. Explain what makes one musical instrument sound different from another Semester 2 Vocabulary Amplitude average velocity c center of mass centripetal acceleration change in momentum change in velocity circular motion conservation of energy conservation of momentum constant speed constant velocity cycles per second delta dissipated energy elastic potential energy electromagnetic wave energy bar charts equilibrium FFT force force diagram Frequency friction force Fundamental frequency gravitational acceleration gravitational field strength gravitational force gravitational potential energy harmonic hertz (kilo-, mega-, giga-) impulse inertia instantaneous velocity Joule Kilogram Kilogram meter per second Kilogram meter per second squared kinetic energy linear acceleration Mass Meter per second Meter per second squared momentum Natural frequency net force Newtons Newton/kilogram Newton second Newton meter (energy) Newton meter (torque) Normal force Period Pitch Power Radio wave Resonance Standing wave Slope Sound wave Superposition tension force torque vibration Watt Wave Wave speed Wavelength Weight