Download Ecosystem Services and CBD - ALTER-Net

Ecosystem Services and Convention on
Biological Diversity –
Heikki Toivonen
Finnish Environment Institute
Ecosystem services and Biodiversity, Alter-Net
Wien, 3-5.11.2010
19.11.2010
How ecosystem services are reflected in the
CBD COP Decisions in Nagoya?
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Objectives of the CBD: Conservation of biological diversity, the
sustainable use of its components, and the fair and equitable
sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic
resources
Biodiversity: means the variability among living organisms from
all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other
aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they
are part; this includes diversity within species, between species
and of ecosystems
Ecysystem Services: the direct and indirect contributions of
ecoystems to human well-being. The concept ’ecosystem goods
and services’ is synonymous with ecosystem services (TEEB)
19.11.2010
Ecosystem Services and CBD
 The Biodiversity Target 2010
 The CBD Indicator process (SEBI 2010 in Europe)
 The Global Biodiversity Outlook (GBO 3) 2010
 Millenium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) 2005
 The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity
(TEEB) 2010
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Ecosystem Services and CBD
 Analysis of COP 10 draft decisions, 192 A4 pages
 ESS were mentioned more than 200 times in about
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200 paragraphs of the decisions
Reviseted using L-documents, treated in the COP
plenary
Context was analyzed, as well as the detailness etc.
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Ecosystem Services and CBD
Ecosystem Services and CBD
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new biodiversity target (beyond 2010) and related
indicators
Inland waters biodiversity
Marine and coastal biodiversity
Protected areas
Sustainable use of biodiversity
Biodiversity and climate chnage
Incentive measures
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 The revised Strategic Plan of the Convention, including
Ecosystem Services and CBD
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simultaneously, sometimes with ecosystem functions
Biodiversity and ecosystem services / biodiversity and
associated ecosystem services
The language stresses that biodiversity underpins
ecosystem functioning and the provision of ecosystem
services
Ecoystem services are seen as an important tool for
communicating and mainstreaming biodiversity for
various sectors and policies
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 Mostly biodiversity and ESS are mentioned
Ecosystem Services and CBD
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of ecosystem function and structure (inland waters,
marine and coastal ecosystems)
Goods and provisioning services are given in more
detail concerning agricultural or forest biodiversity
ESS are mentioned often in the context of indigenous
people and local communities
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 Ecosystem services are often mentioned in the context
Ecosystem Services and CBD
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finding synergy and collaboration with other MEAs,
organizations and processes
Interactions between biodiversity and climate chnage
Ecosystem-based approaches, adaptation and
mitigation measures, particularly REDD+ (Reducing
deforestation and forest degradation)
Win-win situations for conservation of biodiversity and
combatting climate change, if possible also other
ecological, economic and social co-benefits
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 Ecosystem services are referred to as grounds for
Ecosystem Services and CBD
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biodiversity and ecosystem services for sustainbale
development and poverty eradication
Ecosystem services will be an important element in
the future reporting towards the new biodiversity
targets
The lack of agreed indicators for ESS is identified as a
major knowledge gap
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 One strategic goal of the CBD is mainstreaming
Ecosystem Services and CBD
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biodiversity operational
Incentive measures, para 11. ’Invites national, regional
and international funding institutions to support building
or enhancement of national capacities for assessing
the values of BD and ESS, for identifying or removing
perverse incentives, and for design and implementation
of positive incentive measures for the conservation and
sustainable use of BD’
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 ESS are also in the central role in making valuation of
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COP President Ryu Matsumoto waving to the plenary after the adoption of
the Nagoya Protocol
CBD COP 10 in Nagoya – Main results
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and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising
from their Utilization
The CBD Strategic Plan for the period 2011-2020
Decision on activities and indicators for the
Implementation of the Resource Mobilization
Biodiversity and climate change
• Affirmed the role of CBD in REDD+
• Geo-engineering (de facto moratorium)
 Cooperation with other
Rio Conventions
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 The Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources
Revised Strategic Plan of the Convention, including
new biodiversity target and related indicators
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harmony with nature’ where by 2050, biodiversity is valued,
conserved, restored and wisely used, maintaining ecosystem
services, sustaining a healthy planet and delivering benefits
essential to people.
Take effective and urgent action to halt by 2020 the loss of
biodiversity in order to ensure that ecosystems are resilient
and continue to provide essential services, thereby securing
the planet’s variety of life, and contributing to human wellbeing, and poverty eradication
19.11.2010
 The vision of the strategic Plan is a world of ’Living in
The Strategic Plan includes 20 heaqdline targets
for 2020
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the values of biodiversity and the steps they can take
to conserve and use it sustainably
Target 2. By 2020, at the latest, biodiversity values
have been integrated into national and local
development and poverty reduction strategies and
planning processes, and are being incorporated into
national accounting, as appropriate, and reporting
systems.
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 Target 1. By 2020, at the latest, people are aware of
The Strategic Plan - 20 headline targets for 2020
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including forest, is at least halved, and where feasible brougth
close to zero, and degradation and fragmentation is
significantly reduced.
Target 7. By 2020 areas under agriculture, aquaculture and
forestry are managed sustainably, ensuring conservation of
biodiversity
Target 10. By 2015, the multiple anthropogenic pressures on
coral reefs, and other vulnerable ecosystems impacted by
climate change or ocean acidification are minimized, so as to
maintain their integrity and functioning
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 Target 5. By 2020 the rate of loss of all natural habitats,
The Strategic Plan - 20 headline targets for 2020
inland water, and 10 per cent of coastal and marine
areas, especially areas of particular importance for
biodiversity and ecosystem services, are conserved
through effectively and equitably managed, ecologically
representative and well connected systems of protected
areas and other effective area-based conservation
measures, and integrated into the wider landscapes and
seascapes.
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 Target 11. By 2020, at least 17 per cent of terrestrial and
The Strategic Plan - 20 headline targets for 2020
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services, particularly water, and contribute to health,
livelihood and well-being, are safeguarded and / or
restored, taking into account the needs of women,
indigenous and local communities, and the poor and
vulnberable
Target 15. By 2020, ecosystem resilience and the
contibution of biodiversity to carbon stocks has been
enhanced, through conservation and restoration,
including restoration of at least 15 per cent of degraded
ecosystems, thereby contributing to climate change
mitigation and adaptation to combating desertification.
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 Target 14. By 2020, ecosystems that provide essential
Intergovernmental science-policy platform on
biodiversity and ecosystem services (IPBES)
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provide decision-makers with the necessary knowledge
base … in addressing biodiversity loss and the
degradation of ecosystems and ecosystem services
and their implications for human well-being
COP 10 encouraged the United Nations General
Assembly (UNGA) at its sixty-fifth session to consider
the establishment of IPBES at the earliest opportunity
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 Reaffirming that a regular assessment is needed to
Thank you!