Download PERSIAN WARS What empire was the strongest in the world at the

PERSIAN WARS
1. What empire was the strongest in the world at the time of the Persian
Wars?
PERSIAN EMPIRE
2. Who did the Ionians ask for help from when they revolted against the
Persians?
ATHENIANS
3. Why did King Darius want revenge on the Greek city-states?
BECAUSE THEY HELPED IONIANS REBEL
4. Who was King of the Persians during the Persian Wars, Round 1?
DARIUS
5. What did Phidippides shout when he arrived in Athens?
NIKE
6. Why did King Xerxes want revenge on the Greek city-states?
BECAUSE THEY DEFEATED HIS FATHER - KING DARIUS
7. Who was King of the Persians during the Persian Wars, Round 2?
KING XERXES
8. Athenian ships were known as what?
TRIREMES
9. What was the strategy at the Battle of Marathon?
They used double envelopment to surround their opponents.
10. What was the strategy at the Battle of Thermopylae?
FORCE LARGER ARMY INTO NARROW PASS SO ONLY SMALL GROUPS
OF SOLDIERS CAN GET THROUGH
11. What was the strategy at the Battle of Athens?
BLOW TO GREEK MORALE/SPIRITS
12. What was the strategy at the Battle of Salamis?
FORCE LARGER NAVY INTO NARROW WATERWAY AND ATTACK WITH
SMALLER SHIPS
13. What was the strategy at the Battle of Plataea?
FINISH OFF RETREATING ARMY AFTER GENERAL DIED
14. Place the battles in proper chronological order and list winner of each:
MARATHON - G, THERMOPYLAE – P, ATHENS - P, SALAMIS - G, PLATAEA - G
15. Who won the Persian Wars, Round 1?
GREEKS
16. Who won the Persian Wars, Round 2?
GREEKS
17. Who was Themistocles?
GREEK GENERAL – CONVINCED THE GREEKS TO BUILD A NAVAL FLEET
18. Who was King Leonidas?
GREEK KING OF THE SPARTANS AT BATTLE OF THERMOPYLAE
THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR
19. Name the protective group that the Greek city-states formed.
DELIAN LEAGUE
20. What was the purpose of this group?
PROTECT THE GREEK CITY-STATES FROM ATTACKS
21. What island was the headquarters of this group located on?
DELOS
22. Name the city-state that refused to join the group and why.
SPARTA – BECAUSE THEY HAD THE BEST ARMY, THEY DIDN’T THINK
THEY NEEDED THE LEAGUE’S PROTECTION AND THEY DIDN’T WANT TO
HAVE TO DEFEND THE OTHER CITY-STATES
23. Why was Athens able to gain control of the League?
THEY CONTROLLED THE NAVY
24. Why did the city-states begin to resent Athens?
USED MONEY FROM THE DELIAN LEAGUE TO RE-BUILD ATHENS
25. Why did Pericles have to re-build Athens?
PERSIANS BURNED IT DOWN DURING PERSIAN WARS ROUND 2
26. Where did the money for the rebuilding of Athens come from?
DELIAN LEAGUE
27. What was the nickname of Pericles?
FIRST CITIZEN
28. How did the Long Walls help Athens during the War?
ALLOWED THEM TO STAY INSIDE THE CITY AND STILL GET SUPPLIES
FROM THEIR NAVY
29. How did the Long Walls hurt Athens during the War?
SPARTA BLOCKED OFF THEIR PORT AND THEY COULDN’T GET ANY
SUPPLIES IN AND COULDN’T GET OUT OF THE CITY – THE WALLS
TRAPPED THEM INSIDE AND THEY STARVED
30. What city-state declared war on Athens?
SPARTA
31. How many years did the Peloponnesian War last?
27 YEARS
32. Why is the Peloponnesian War considered a civil war?
BECAUSE IT WAS FOUGHT BETWEEN 2 GREEK CITY-STATES
33. Who did the Spartans receive help from during the Peloponnesian War?
PERSIANS
34. On what condition did they help the Spartans?
SPARTA HAD TO STOP HELPING THE IONIANS REBEL AGAINST
PERSIANS
35. Who won the Peloponnesian War and in what year?
SPARTA – 404BC
36. How did this city-state win?
BUILT NAVY AND BLOCKED ATHENS PORT CITY OF PIRAEUS
37. List two things that caused Athens to lose a quarter of its population.
PLAGUE, WAR
38. What form of government did Sparta set up in Athens?
OLIGARCHY
39. Civil Wars always weaken a country. How did the Peloponnesian War
weaken Greece?
THE CITY-STATES KEPT FIGHTING AMONGST EACH OTHER AND THEY
DIDN’T NOTICE THE THREAT FROM MACEDONIA – THEY WERE WEAK
AND COULDN’T UNITE TOGETHER TO FIGHT BACK AGAINST
MACEDONIA
40. In 338 BC, who conquered Greece and why was he able to do so?
PHILIP II OF MACEDONIA – GREECE HAD NO MONEY, MEN, AND CITYSTATES WERE FIGHTING WITH EACH OTHER
41. What was the Spartan military strategy for the Peloponnesian War?
USED THEIR POWERFUL LAND ARMY TO ATTACK. THEY CUT OFF FOOD
SUPPLIES BY DESTROYING CROPS. INVADED AND ENGAGED IN RAPID
BATTLES.
42. What was the Athenian military strategy for the Peloponnesian War?
AVOID LAND BATTLES. KEPT THEMSELVES ENCLOSED INSIDE THE CITY
WALLS CONNECTING THEIR CITY TO THE PORT. USED THEIR NAVY FOR
FOOD AND DEFENSE.