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Anglophone Studies I Week 2 Prehistory • The Iron Age – Celtic culture throughout the north-west European islands • The Celts – – – – tribes bound together by common speech, customs, and religion the absence of political unity the economy - pastoral and agricultural each tribe headed by a king and divided by class • Druids (priests) • warrior nobles • commoners – The nobles • fought on foot with swords and spears • fond of feasting and drinking – Celtic Round Houses • Stonehenge (constructed from 3000BC to 2000BC) • UNESCO World Heritage Site • The Roman period (43-410) – The Roman province of Britannia (most of present-day England and Wales) • 55 BC – Julius Caesar (the Roman general invades Britain, wins a battle and leaves) – The first date in popular British history • The Hadrian’s Wall (2nd century) • The Germanic invasions (410-1066) • Tribes - the Angles and the Saxons • The role of King Arthur • The Anglo-Saxons – self-sufficient villages – new farming methods • Pagans • The spread of Christianity – 432 – St. Patrick converts Ireland to Christianity – 597 – St. Augustine arrives in Britain and establishes his headquarters at Canterbury • Vikings (8th century) – the islands around Scotland and some coastal regions of Ireland
