Download Earth-in-Space Topics

Movements of Sun, Earth, and Moon Cause these:
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Day and Night
– Caused by Earth spinning on Rotational on Axis. 24 hours for one complete ROTATION
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Seasons
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From Earth Revolving around sun while tilted on its rotational axis
– Amount of direct sunlight rays at any point on Earth tell that spot’s temperature
– Hemisphere tilted toward sun experiences summer and longer days. Tilted away have
winter
– Equinox is equal length of day and night, caused by position of Earth in orbit around sun.
Equinox is when Earth’s axis is neither tilted towards or away from the Sun
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Moon Characteristics
– Moon rotates slowly, 27 days and has a 27-day revolution around Earth, so on Earth we
see only one side of the moon
– Moon is ¼ diameter of the Earth and
– Moon is much less dense than Earth
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Moon Phases
– Caused by how much of the sunlit face of the moon is seen from Earth
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Tides
– Happen daily due to gravitational pull of Moon on oceans
– Neap tide is when the least difference is seen in the level of low an high tide in a day
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Highest tides occur when sun, moon, and Earth are lined up – most gravitational pull
from moon and sun in this position
Eclipse seen from Earth
– Solar Eclipse. Sun is temporarily blocked by moon position between Earth and Sun
– Lunar Eclipse. Moon is temporarily blocked by shadow of Earth because Earth lines up
between moon and sun
The Solar System is made of the Sun and the objects that revolve around the Sun. These include:
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Sun-- A star in the Milky Way Galaxy
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The Inner Planets
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Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
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Known as Terrestrial Planet because made of rock
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Have no rings and atmospheres withCO2
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Have few or no moons
The Outer Planets
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Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
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Known as Gas Giants because made of gas and much larger diameter than inner planets
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Have rings and atmospheres with Hydrogen and Helium
Dwarf Planets
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Pluto considered a dwarf planet
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All found past Neptune
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4 Named in text and more being discovered by new telescopes
Moons
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Asteroids
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Small rocky space objects that orbit the sun in the asteroid belt, which is between Mars and
Jupiter
Comets
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A moon is smaller than a planet and orbits the planet as a satellite
Objects made of gas, dust, and ice (water and CO2) that revolve around sun in an oval-shaped
orbit
Meteoroids
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Small rocky particles that move through space. When they strike a planet or moon they are
called meteorites
Space Exploration
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Introduction
Humans explore space and will explore it in the future
We’ve sent rockets, satellites, probes, & other spacecraft
We use telescopes to view space
EM waves are detected and used to send info back to Earth
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_space_telescopes for list of Telescopes according to EM wave type
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Electromagnetic (EM) Waves
– Electromagnetic Spectrum includes Radio, Visible, and Infrared Waves
– Telescopes and space probes detect different EM wavelengths from space
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Telescopes
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Earth Based
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Space Based – Sent into space
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Hubble Space Telescope orbiting Earth since 1990
Space Exploration History
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Rockets
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Satellites
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Probes
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Human Space Flight
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Include Refracting (lens viewed directly) and Reflecting (using mirrors)
International Space Station
Future Space Missions
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Moon Colony
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Mars Rovers/Colony
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Kepler Telescope
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James Webb Space Telescope 2014