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Anatomy lec#16 (12-4-2011)
Nose
-Has pear-shaped cavity divided into two cavities by nesal septum .
-held open by framework of bone & cartilage .
-Nasal cavity extends between external -Nostril- opnining outside and
internal -choana-opening into nasopharynx.
Each cavity has :
1 –narrow roof
2- wide floor
3- medial wall
4-lateral wall
ROOF
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From ant. To post. :
-septal cartilage
- nasal bone
-fronatal bone
-ethmoid , cribriform plate
-sphenoid bone , body .
Floor
Wide & smooth
-consists of :
-Palatine process of Maxilla , form ant.2/3
- Horizntal plate of palatine bone ,form
Post 1/3 .
Has incisive foramen ,located
posterolateral to the root of central
incisor in the Maxilla .
Transmite:
-nasopalatine nerve from nasal cavity to
oral cavity – branches from V2 – .
-Great palatine artery , from oral cavity
into the nasal cavity –branches maxillary
artery .
Medial
-An osteocartilaginous partition coverd by
well adherent mucous membrane .
-commonly deviated to the right side .
Parts - one cartilage & two bones - :
-Septal cartilage
-perpendicular plate of
ethmoidbone - vertical - .
-Vomer bone
Lateral
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Bony support :
-maxillas bone
-lacerimal bone
-ethmoid bone –superior concha & middle concha –
-sphenoid bone
-turbinate –inferior concha –
Features of lateral wall :
-Irregular with 3 curved shelves projecting across nasal
cavity : superior, middle and inferior concha .
4 spaces between concha :
-spheno-ethmoidal recess
-superior meatus
-middle meatus
-inferior meatus
*meatus = space
Meatus -not concha- receive opening of
paranasal sinuses and the nasolacrimal duct .
Coverd features of lateral wall
All hidden by middle conch :
-Bulla ethmoidalis .
- Hiatus semilunaris .
- Infundibulum  ant. Part of hiatus .
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Regions of the nasal cavity
Each nasal cavity has 3 reagions :
-Nasal Vestibule :
Lined by modified skin & contains coarse hair .
-Respiratory region - the greatest - :
Lined by respiratory epith.
Red in color - rich blood-Olfactory region :
Cover apex of roof
Lined by olfactory epith.
Yellow color  poor blood
Should be moist to function … If its not moist ,it will not
function .
Arterial supply of nasal cavity
All branches from :
External carotid A :
-sohenopalatine  Maxillary A.
-Greater palatine  Maxillary A.
-superior labial Facial A.
Internal carotid A :
-Anterior ethmoidal  Ophthalmic A.
-Post .ethmoidal  Ophthalmic A.
Little's Area
-An extensive anastomosis between vessels in the medial
wall ,where vessels are close to the surface .
- A major site of Epistaxis .
-lies at the ant. Part of nasal septum ~2.5 cm from naris,
opposite the vestibule .
Anastomosis between :
-sphenopalatine A. ,anterior ethmoid A. , greater palatine
and superior labial A.
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Venous drainage of nasal cavity
Same names & reverse direction to arteries
-Posterosuperior regions :
pterygoid venous plexus
-Ant. Regions :
Facial vein
-ant & post ethmoid veins :
 cavernous sinus
All drain into internal jugular vein
Clinically :
-Superior opthalmic vein :
May transmit infections from nose to cranial cavity
-venous engorgement associated with mucosal edema 
difficulty in breathing .
Innervation of nasal cavity :
-Olfactory nerve for smell
-Ophthalmic -V1- & maxillary -v2- nerves for general
sensation .
‫تتحقق الكثير من األشياء المهمة في هذا العالم ألولئك الذين‬
.‫أصروا على المحاولة على الرغم من عدم وجود األمل‬
‫ديل كارنيجي‬
done by : Hosam Odeh