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Volume 11 Issue R8 Facial Fractures
Volume 11 Issue R8 Facial Fractures

... The facial skeleton provides protection of vital soft organs, a rigid frame for masticatory and facial muscle function, and support of the overlying soft tissue. Therefore, restoration of bony anatomy should satisfy two major goals: optimal function and normal appearance. To provide optimal function ...
A triplicate obturator foramen
A triplicate obturator foramen

... An earlier research study had reported a unilateral double ischium [5]. On extensive review of the literature we found only a single case of a double obturator foramen, which had been detected in X-ray film [2]. The present study reports a case of two small accessory foramina in addition to the usua ...
Yusof_phd_2013 - Discovery
Yusof_phd_2013 - Discovery

... midshaft showing the strain distribution and (C) post 16-weeks intermittent loading showing the new bone formation particularly at the compressive site (modified from Warden et al, 2004). ...
II. Osteology
II. Osteology

... Flat Bones.—Where the principal requirement is either extensive protection or the provision of broad surfaces for muscular attachment, the bones are expanded into broad, flat plates, as in the skull and the scapula. These bones are composed of two thin layers of compact tissue enclosing between them ...
GLENOID STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS: RELEVANCE TO
GLENOID STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS: RELEVANCE TO

... Figure 4 The anterior view of a scapula cadaver specimen showing the various parts (figure made by author) ...................................................................................................................................... 6 Figure 5 The posterior view of a scapula cadaver specime ...
global advantage shoulder arthroplasty system
global advantage shoulder arthroplasty system

... head, the surgeon is afforded optimal working space in the joint after the humeral body has been implanted. This feature is particularly valuable in the revision of a hemiarthroplasty to a total arthroplasty. ...
On how a larva becomes an adult catfish Van larvale tot adulte katvis
On how a larva becomes an adult catfish Van larvale tot adulte katvis

... The present study encompasses a constructional-morphological approach (Fig. I.1- 1) of the ontogeny of the cranial ‘Bauplan1’ of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus BURCHELL (1822). Aspects of form s.l.2 are related to function s.l.3, as they change during ontogeny. Causal and constructional rela ...
vts_5719_7585
vts_5719_7585

... fracture and even lead to neurovascular injury. Two-part surgical neck fractures are most amenable to this form of treatment, whereas three-part fractures are usually too unstable to be treated by closed reduction alone (Wiedemann and Schweiberer 1992). 1.1.6.2. Percutaneous Pins and External Fixati ...
this PDF file - Alexandria Faculty of Medicine
this PDF file - Alexandria Faculty of Medicine

... margin of the notches on the upper part of the sigmoid sulcus (at the angle between the sigmoid and transverse sinuses). The sigmoid notch was found to be formed by the sigmoid sinus indenting the petromastoid part of temporal bone. These projections were either small bony elevations, sharp spines ( ...
Surgical Anatomy of the Paranasal Sinus
Surgical Anatomy of the Paranasal Sinus

... ethmoid bone and posteriorly along the superior surface of the inferior turbinate. During their development from the lateral nasal wall, the ethmoturbinals form bony structures that traverse the ethmoid complex to attach to the lamina papyracea of the orbit and skull base. The furrows continue to gr ...
Comparative Assessment of Hard Palate Thickness Using Micro
Comparative Assessment of Hard Palate Thickness Using Micro

... my second rater, Heba Almadhoun, thank you for the immense amount of time and effort you’ve dedicated to this project both with micro-CT measurements (from the previous protocol) and the long hours you spent taking physical measurements in the lab. I commend you on your ability to manage your time s ...
Oral Surgery – Dr. Labeed Sami
Oral Surgery – Dr. Labeed Sami

... These are as follows: symphysis, body, angle, ramus, condylar process, coronoid process, and alveolar process. Dingman and Natvig defined these regions as follows: 1-Parasymphyseal: Fractures occurring within the boundaries of vertical lines distal to the canine teeth . 2- Symphysis: Fracture in the ...
Amal Ghonemy Metwali Abo Zekry_review
Amal Ghonemy Metwali Abo Zekry_review

... portion ,both are open separately into the mastoid antrum and may give false impression of reaching the antrum ( Glasscock and Shambaugh,2010). In well pneumatized mastoid process ,this septum is hardly recognizable But if the squamous portion is poorly pneumatized or sclerotic ,there may be great d ...
Fracture and Ortho exam Review - Veterans Affairs Physician
Fracture and Ortho exam Review - Veterans Affairs Physician

... • shortest of the 3 phases – ...
Fractures of Upper End Tibia - Journal of Trauma and Orthopaedics
Fractures of Upper End Tibia - Journal of Trauma and Orthopaedics

... The vertical thrust generates a shearing force which causes vertical split fracture of LTP as in type I As the force continues the wedge fragment displaces laterally and the femoral condoyle presses on the intact articular surface medial to the fracture. This causes depression of articular surface o ...
Ministry of higher Education and Scientific Research Foundation of
Ministry of higher Education and Scientific Research Foundation of

... Cross sectional cranial anatomy: Computed tomography (CT) provides excellent visualization of the skull base and foramina when narrow high resolution images are obtained. MRI with narrow section thickness slices is an excellent imaging modality for demonstration of the soft tissue contents of the cr ...
Association between injury to the retinacula of Weitbrecht and
Association between injury to the retinacula of Weitbrecht and

... Abstract: Currently, there is no objective indicator for surgical procedures in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures. The purpose of this study was to determine the severity of damage to the retinacula of Weitbrecht based on the type of femoral neck fracture, anatomical and clinical observat ...
SURGERY OF THE LACRIMAL DRAINAGE SYSTEM
SURGERY OF THE LACRIMAL DRAINAGE SYSTEM

... elevator, moving towards the sharp lacrimal crest and then down into the lacrimal fossa, still separating the periosteum from the bone.Take great care to keep the periosteal elevator always just under the periosteum and right on the surface of the bone. The lacrimal crest can have quite a sharp angl ...
Trough Meniscus Technique Guide
Trough Meniscus Technique Guide

... implanting a meniscal allograft with rigid fixation at the horn attachments. The procedure can be performed either arthroscopically or through a mini-open technique. It has been demonstrated that bony fixation at the attachment site allows for the maintenance of functional hoop stresses by the menis ...
Bones of the Back Region - Listed in Superior to Inferior Order
Bones of the Back Region - Listed in Superior to Inferior Order

... an angulated bone the one of three bones that form the os forms the anterior coxae: ilium, ischium, pubis; its body part of the pelvis forms 1/5 of the acetabulum; its symphyseal surface unites with the pubis of the opposite side to form the pubic symphysis; the superior and inferior pubic rami part ...
2 Cranial iPad Activity
2 Cranial iPad Activity

... Note that two bones make up the cheekbone. Lacrimal bone visualization Turn On > Tap Visible Body Anatomy Atlas > Tap Female or Male > Tap Skeletal Tab (left side column) > Tap 13. Skull, Anterior View > Rotate to view medial corner of orbit. Make sure Multiple Select is in red letters on upper row ...
Anatomy of Bones and Joints
Anatomy of Bones and Joints

... would not be possible without joints between the bones. Humans would resemble statues, were it not for the joints between bones that allow bones to move once the muscles have provided the pull. Machine parts most likely to wear out are those that rub together, and they require the most maintenance. ...
ARTICULAR SYSTEM
ARTICULAR SYSTEM

...  The anterior tubercle of the sixth cervical vertebra is larger then the others and is called the carotid tubercle (tuberculum caroticum) because the common carotid artery can be compressed against it in case of bleeding.  The groove for spinal nerve (sulcus nervi spinalis) lies on the superior s ...
The nasolacrimal duct
The nasolacrimal duct

... Sphenoidal sinuses These two sinuses lie within the body of the sphenoid bone. Of all the sinuses these vary most in their extent and development. Extension can be found as far as into the pterygoid processes or the greater wing of the sphenoid. It can partly surround the optic canal in the lesser w ...
The A to Z of Bones of The Skull
The A to Z of Bones of The Skull

... This is to help in the learning of the features and to prevent confusion in the examination of the bones. Numbering commences anew with each diagram. However, with some bones one view is not enough (e.g. Temporal and Sphenoid) to conceptualize all the surfaces and articulations, so these bones are t ...
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Bone



A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the vertebral skeleton. Bones support and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals and also enable mobility. Bone tissue is a type of dense connective tissue. Bones come in a variety of shapes and sizes and have a complex internal and external structure. They are lightweight yet strong and hard, and serve multiple functions. Mineralized osseous tissue or bone tissue, is of two types – cortical and cancellous and gives it rigidity and a coral-like three-dimensional internal structure. Other types of tissue found in bones include marrow, endosteum, periosteum, nerves, blood vessels and cartilage.Bone is an active tissue composed of different cells. Osteoblasts are involved in the creation and mineralisation of bone; osteocytes and osteoclasts are involved in the reabsorption of bone tissue. The mineralised matrix of bone tissue has an organic component mainly of collagen and an inorganic component of bone mineral made up of various salts.In the human body at birth, there are over 270 bones, but many of these fuse together during development, leaving a total of 206 separate bones in the adult, not counting numerous small sesamoid bones. The largest bone in the body is the thigh-bone (femur) and the smallest is the stapes in the middle ear.
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