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The basic’s of a 12 lead ECG What is an ECG? A recording which measures the electrical activity and the rhythm of your heart Extremely common test used across the hospital for a range of medical conditions. Indications include: - chest pain - Pre-op - Syncope - Drug therapies - Palpitations - Dialysis - Dizziness - SOB - Lung problems QUICK REVIEW OF HEART Purpose Pumps blood to the body Basic Anatomy 4 chambers 2 sides 4 valves The ECG: PQRST P wave: The atria contracting QRS: The ventricles contracting T wave: Recovery of the heart ‘refractory period’ Performing an ECG Simple yet ‘personal’ test Proper skin prep Placement of the limb electrodes Placement of the chest electrodes 12 leads/electrodes but 10 ‘wires’ Each lead provides a tracing, which is characteristic of a different view of the same electrical activity. 12 different angles of the same thing - E.g: In a heart attack, you can use the leads and what changes are in each to determine which artery is occluded and causing the MI Why skin prep? Ensures good electrode-skin contact which creates a good tracing Signals are not well picked up just off the top, dead surface of the skin, so need to get to the underneath layer so the electrolyte can reach the signals beneath. Achieved by: - Abrasion pads - Alcohol wipes - Soap and water - Razors Artefact Baseline wander