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THE RISE OF THE
RENAISSANCE
Essential Questions:
What was the Renaissance?
How did the Renaissance Era
influence change?
Discussion Warm Up: What do you
know about the Renaissance?
The Renaissance
Western Europe
emerged from the
Middle Ages during
an era known as
the Renaissance
From 1300 to 1600, Western Europe experienced a
rebirth in trade, art, learning, and a return of GrecoRoman ideas; “Renaissance” means “rebirth”
During the Renaissance, Europeans developed new
ideas in art, government, and human potential
The Renaissance
The Renaissance
marked the
beginning of the
“Modern Era”
What changed during the Middle Ages
that gave rise to the Renaissance?
Trade and Cities
Government
Religion
Human Potential
What was trade like during the Middle Ages?
What were things like in the Renaissance?
A side effect of the Crusades was the increase of
European demand for luxury goods from Asia
Italian merchants began
meeting the demand for
trade in Europe
As a result, Italian cities
and a wealthy middle class
began to form in Italy
The most important Italian city was
Florence, where vast wealth from
trade sparked the Renaissance
A new middle class of
bankers, merchants,
and skilled craftsmen
gained lots of power
The Medici family were
wealthy bankers who
used their wealth to
turn Florence into
Italy’s most artistic city
What changed during the Middle Ages
that gave rise to the Renaissance?
Trade and Cities
Government
Religion
Human Potential
What was government like in the Middle Ages?
What was government like in the Renaissance?
Kings were able to tax merchants and gain much wealth;
kings used their wealth to build armies and strong nations
This hurt the power of the feudal lords; power went back to
being concentrated around kings, not shared with
numerous lords; feudalism declined
From 1337 to 1453, England and France began
a series of conflicts over territory that would be
called the Hundred Years War
ENGLAND
FRANCE
During the war, nationalism (loyalty to one’s nation)
increased as people became more loyal to their king and
nation, rather than their local lords
France and England would fight for a number
of years, stop fighting for a time, then break
the uneasy peace treaties and fight again
This cycle of fighting, a brief time of peace, then
fighting again would continue between England and
France for over a hundred years (hence, the name)
The most legendary figure
from the Hundred Years
War was Joan of Arc, a
French peasant girl
Claiming that God told her
to do so in a vision, Joan
became a soldier and led
the French to numerous
victories over the English
At age 19, she was
captured and executed,
being burned at the stake
Joan of Arc not only
became a legend but also
a saint in the Roman
Catholic Church
During the Hundred Years War, new military weapons
decreased the power of feudal lords and knights
Europeans’ discovery of Chinese gunpowder
led to the development of cannons, which
helped armies penetrate the walls of castles
Another new weapon was the longbow, which
allowed soldiers to shoot accurately up to 300 yards
These new
weapons and
new tactics (like
using lightlyarmored
mounted troops)
effectively ended
the importance
of knights as
military force
What changed during the Middle Ages
that gave rise to the Renaissance?
Trade and Cities
Government
Religion
Human Potential
What was
religion like in
the Middle
Ages?
What was
religion like
during the
Renaissance?
In the late Middle Ages, the Pope and the Catholic
Church instigated a series of “holy wars” (called the
Crusades) to drive the Muslims out of the Holy Land
Ultimately, the Crusades were a failure and
resulted in the decreasing of power and
influence for the Catholic Church; these failed
holy wars also helped end the feudal system
Despite having
less influence,
the Catholic
Church still
remained an
important part
of peoples’ lives
and the popes
remained
important
religious and
political leaders
What changed during the Middle Ages
that gave rise to the Renaissance?
Trade and Cities
Government
Religion
Human Potential
What was expected of people
during the Middle Ages?
What was expected of people
during the Renaissance?
During the
Middle Ages,
peasants did not
own land and
had no options
for their lives
other than
remaining loyal
to a feudal lord
and working
within the
manorial system
During the
Middle Ages,
peasants did not
own land and
had no options
for their lives
other than
remaining loyal
to a feudal lord
and working
within the
manorial system
The rise of trade during the Renaissance gave people
options to make money and pursue different lives
Peasants could now leave the manor and move to
cities to work as merchants or skilled artisans
Another reason for the decline of the manorial
system was the spread of the Plague, also
known as the Black Death
In 1347, a trade ship
arrived in Italy from Asia;
in addition to Asian
goods, the ship was
carrying rats infested with
Plague-infected fleas
The Plague swept quickly throughout
Europe along trade routes
The Black Death
Attempted “cures” for the Plague
Isolation Leeches
Bathing
in
Prayer
urine
Placing dead animals
in the home
Pomanders
(perfumes)
The Plague killed 25 million people in five years
(one-third of Europe’s population)
The Plague caused a labor shortage; those that
survived could demand higher wages and more rights
During the Renaissance, people had
more options than ever before which led to
a belief that people can accomplish anything
Individuals became the center of attention
during the Renaissance
Social status was
based on wealth and
ability, not birthright
A new way of
thinking began during
the Renaissance
called Humanism
Humanists studied
the “classical” ideas
of Greece and Rome
and believed that
education could
make the world a
better place
What was expected of men and women
in the Renaissance?
The “ideal man” was welleducated, cultured, could dance,
write poetry, and play music;
(called a “Renaissance Man”)
The “ideal woman” should have
the same qualities (cultured,
intelligent) as men but should
not seek fame or political power
Renaissance women were better
educated but had fewer rights
than Medieval women
Closure Activity: Visual Metaphor
■ On your
notes,
5.
complete
the visual
metaphor
■ Use the
word bank
to label
each aspect
of the image
4.
1.
3.
2.

Originally created by
Brooks Baggett
Revamped by
Christopher Jaskowiak