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CHAPTER
Name

Date
Class
Chapter
Review
The Nature of Matter
Chapters 1 & 4
Models of the Atom: Understanding the Main Ideas
Decide which model of the atom each of the following sentences describes.
Then fill in the blank before each sentence according to the following key:
DM = Democritus
DL= Dalton
R= Rutherford
T = Thomson
B = Böhr
W = Wave model
If a sentence seems to describe more than one atomic model,
choose the model that first pictured the atom this way.
________ 1. Atoms are small, hard particles.
________ 2. An atom contains negatively charged particles called “corpuscles.”
________ 3. Atoms of the same element are exactly alike.
________ 4. In an atom, electrons move in definite orbits around the nucleus, much like planets
circle the sun.
________ 5. An atom is the smallest piece of matter.
________ 6. An atom is mostly empty space with a dense, positively charged nucleus in the
center.
________ 7. Atoms are indivisible.
________ 8. An atom has a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by a large region in
which scientists can predict where an electron is likely to be found.
________ 9. An atom is made of positively charged, pudding like material through which
negatively charged particles are scattered.
________10. In an atom, electrons are located in energy levels that are a certain distance from the
nucleus.
2008 Book K The Nature of Matter
Glance McGraw-Hill
CHAPTER REVIEW
Book K Chapters 1 & 4 Pg. 2
Briefly explain how these men contributed to the Science of Chemistry and the connection
to atoms molecular structure.
 Tin (atomic number 50) has
isotopes with the following atomic masses.
Write the number of neutrons found in each of these isotopes on the lines provided.
120 ___________________ 110 ___________________
130 ___________________

118 ___________________
124 ___________________
109 ___________________
132 ___________________
115 ___________________
122 ___________________
Why do you think all of these different atoms are still considered atoms of tin?
The
atomic masses and atomic numbers of two atoms are given below. In the space provided,
diagram the atoms, showing the makeup of the nucleus and the arrangement of the electrons in
shells.
F: atomic mass -19
Al: atomic mass 27
atomic number - 9
atomic number 13
In each of the lists below, all of the terms except one are related. Circle the unrelated term.
Then, give each list a title on the lines provided.
electron
nucleus
proton
neutron
nucleus
electron cloud
electron shell
molecule
Dalton
Democritus
Newton
Böhr
repelling
splitting
fission
fusion
2008 Book K The Nature of Matter
Glance McGraw-Hill
positive
passive
negative
neutral
CHAPTER REVIEW
Book K Chapters 1 & 4 Pg. 3
 An Atomic Model of Matter
Key Concepts
After much observation and questioning,
Democritus concluded that matter could not be
divided into smaller and smaller pieces
forever. Eventually the smallest possible piece
would be obtained.
All elements are composed of atoms. Atoms
are indivisible and indestructible particles.
Atoms of the same element are exactly alike.
Atoms of different elements are different.
Compounds are formed by the joining of
atoms of two or more elements.
According to Thomson's atomic model, the
atom was made of a pudding like positively
charged material throughout which negatively
charged electrons were scattered, like plums in
a pudding.

Rutherford reasoned that all of an atom's
positively charged particles were contained in
the nucleus. The negatively charged electrons
were scattered outside the nucleus around the
atom's edge.
According to Bohr's atomic model, electrons
move in definite orbits around the nucleus,
much like planets circle the sun. These orbits,
or energy levels, are located at certain distances
from the nucleus.
According to the modern atomic model, an
atom has a small positively charged nucleus
surrounded by a large region in which there
are enough electrons to make the atom neutral.
Vocabulary Skills: Expanding Definitions
Write five facts about the term nucleus. using the following words as cues.
1. Size _____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. Location _________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. Rutherford _______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. Charge ___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. Density __________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
2008 Book K The Nature of Matter
Glance McGraw-Hill
CHAPTER REVIEW
Book K Chapters 1 & 4 Pg. 4
Classifying Matter
Place the correct term in the boxes below:
Matter
Mixture
Heterogenous matter
Pure Substance
Compounds
Elements
Solutions
Homogenous matter
1.
2.
3.
Homogenous matter
4.
5.
Solutions
6.
7.
2008 Book K The Nature of Matter
8.
Glance McGraw-Hill
CHAPTER REVIEW
Book K Chapters 1 & 4 Pg. 5
Subatomic Particles: Reviewing the Main Ideas
Complete the following chart:
Particle
Proton
Electron
Neutron
Location
Mass (amu)
Charge
Find the Missing Numbers
Use your knowledge of atomic number and mass number to fill in the missing numbers:
HOW MANY?
Element
Atomic #
Mass #
Iron
Sulfur
Carbon
Fluorine
Calcium
Nitrogen
Copper
Sodium
Mercury
Silver
26
16
6
56
32
Find
20
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
6
9
19
40
14
7
29
35
23
201
11
80
61
47
the Missing word
1. If you know the atomic number of an atom, you also know the number of _______________ it has.
2. The_______________of an atom is the total number of protons and neutrons located in its nucleus.
3. There are different kinds of atoms because their nuclei contain different numbers of ____________
4. The difference between an atom’s atomic mass and its atomic number tells us how many
_________________________ there are in the nucleus.
5. Atoms of the same element that have different atomic masses are called _______________________.
6. Atoms of the same element that have different masses have different numbers of _______________.
2008 Book K The Nature of Matter
Glance McGraw-Hill
CHAPTER REVIEW
Book K Chapters 1 & 4 Pg. 6
Please note the order they appear in history is relevant !
ARISTOTLE
THE ALCHEMISTS
J. DALTON
J. PRIESTLY
A. LAVOISER
D. MENDELEEV
J.J. THOMPSON
Vocabulary Skills: Understanding Relationships
Explain how the following terms are related.
1. isotope: neutron ___________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
2. atomic number: proton _____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
3. mass number: atomic mass __________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
4. electron: electron cloud _____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
5. isotope: mass number ______________________________________________________________
2008 Book K The Nature of Matter
Glance McGraw-Hill
CHAPTER REVIEW