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4th Six-Weeks Benchmark Test (LS. 14, 5, 13, 2, 3, 6, 4, 1)
(LS.14a)
1. Charles Darwin first presented his theory of natural selection in his book On
the Origin of Species in 1859. Which statement is NOT a correct part of this
theory?
A Individuals with certain specific traits have a better chance of surviving and
reproducing.
B Each species produces more offspring than what can survive and reproduce.
C Individuals that survive and reproduce pass their traits to their offspring.
D All individuals of the same species are identical to one another.
(LS.14b)
2. Evidence of the gradual change in species over time is found in the fossil
record. In what type of rock are most fossils found?
A igneous
B sedimentary
C metamorphic
D volcanic
(LS.14b)
3. On a trip to the mountains, students observed seashells on the top and sides
of a cliff. What is the most reasonable explanation for this discovery?
A People carried the seashells to the top of the mountains.
B The seashells were carried to the top of the mountain by the forces of nature.
C The rocks that make up this mountain were once under water.
D The seashells were washed ashore during violent storms.
(LS.14a)
4. What is the name of the process that results in gradual changes in successive
generations of organisms in response to their environment?
A embryology
B variation
C mutation
D evolution
(LS.14a)
5. Which of the following is NOT usually used as evidence of the process of
evolution?
A the existence of and the appearance of fossils
B the existence of different species
C similarities in the early development of different organisms
D similarities in body structures in different organisms
(LS.14a)
6. Differences in the thickness of animals’ fur, in the colors of birds’ feathers, and
in the shapes of trees’ leaves are examples of what?
A mutations
B fossils
C variations
D radiations
(LS.14c)
7. A change in successive generations of organisms, due to a change in the
organisms’ surroundings, is called a(n):
A stimulus.
B development.
C adaptation.
D response.
(LS.14b)
8. If you were looking for the oldest fossils in a river canyon, such as the Grand
Canyon, where would you look?
A near the top of the canyon
B near the middle of the canyon
C in the topmost layers of igneous rock
D in the bottommost layers of sedimentary rock
(LS.14a)
9. Extinction occurs when:
A a species changes over a period of time.
B when a species is no longer living.
C when a species grows.
D none of these
(LS.14c)
10. In evolutionary theory, what is meant by “survival of the fittest”?
A Only the fastest, biggest, and strongest individuals survive.
B Species gradually become perfectly adapted over a long period of time.
C Individuals that best fit the “ideal” of a species are the only ones to survive.
D Individuals that best adapt to their environment have greater long-term success in
reproducing.
(LS.5b)
11. What is the level of classification in which organisms can mate with each
other and produce fertile offspring?
A kingdom
B class
C species
D family
(LS.5c)
12. Who developed the classification system, which we use today, for living
things?
A Aristotle
B Carolus Linnaeus
C Charles Darwin
D Gregor Mendel
(LS.5a)
13. Organisms are placed in a kingdom, based on all the following characteristics
except:
A whether or not the organism’s cells have a nucleus.
B whether or not the organism is autotrophic.
C whether or not the organism is multicellular.
D whether or not the organism is colorful.
Use the chart to answer questions 17 and 18.
KINGDOM
Characteristics
Unicellular
Multicellular
Has nucleus
Producer
Consumer
Monera
Protista
Fungi
all
none
none
some
some
most
some
all
some
some
some
most
all
none
all
(LS.5a)
14. If an organism is unicellular and has a nucleus, it can be classified as a:
A monera.
B protista.
C protista or fungi.
D fungi.
(LS.5a)
15. How would you classify an organism that is unicellular and does not have a
nucleus?
A fungi
B monera
C protista
D monera or protista
(LS.5a)
16. The term “binomial nomenclature” refers to an organism’s:
A kingdom and phylum.
B class and order.
C family and genus.
D genus and species.
(LS.5b)
17. An organism that can make its own food is called a(n):
A heterotroph.
B protest.
C autotroph.
D moneran.
((LS.5a)
18. Many times we see organisms that we cannot identify. Which system is used
to identify these organisms?
A a book of pictures
B a list of organisms
C a taxonomic key
D a photograph album
(LS.13b)
19. A sudden change in a characteristic caused by a change in a gene or a
chromosome is called a(n):
A alteration.
B variation.
C mutation.
D assortment.
(LS.13g)
20. Which of the following individuals is best known for work in the field of
heredity or genetics?
A Gregor Mendel
B Ivan Pavlov
C Anton von Leeuwenhoek
D Robert Hooke
(LS.13b)
21. When using Punnett squares to show inherited probability, what does a
capital letter stand for?
A a dominant gene
B a recessive gene
C a hybrid gene
D an incomplete gene
(LS.1d)
22. A possible explanation for how or why something happens is called:
A a variable.
B an experiment.
C a hypothesis.
D an assumption.
(LS.1b)
23. A factor that is changed within a controlled experiment is called:
A a control.
B a hypothesis.
C a theory.
D a variable.
(LS.1h)
24. An experiment that is done exactly the same way as another experiment, but
without a variable, is called a:
A comparison experiment.
B study.
C test.
D control experiment.
Use the description of the experiment and the results table below to answer the
next two questions.
A student performed an experiment in which five plants were placed in sand and
five plants were placed in soil. All ten plants were the same type, given equal
amounts of water, and exposed to equal amounts of sunlight. The experiment
lasted for two weeks. The table below shows the growth of each of the plants.
Plants
In Soil
1
2
3
4
5
Increase in height Plants Increase in Height
(in centimeters) in Sand (in centimeters)
2.0
1.9
2.2
2.1
1.9
1
2
3
4
5
0.5
0.6
0.4
0.7
0.6
(LS.1g)
25. The variables that remained the same were:
A amount of sunlight.
B amount of water.
C type of plants.
D All of these conditions remained the same.
(LS.1g)
26. The independent variable in this experiment was the:
A type of plant.
B type of soil.
C amount of water.
D amount of sunlight.
(LS.2a)
27. The cell organelle in which food and oxygen react to release energy during
respiration is the:
A mitochondria.
B vacuole.
C nucleus.
D endoplasmic reticulum.
(LS.2a)
28. Which of the following organelles captures the energy of sunlight, which can
then be used to produce food for the plant cell?
A mitochondria
B vacuoles
C cell wall
D chloroplasts
(LS.2a)
29. What is the most basic unit of all life called?
A an organelle
B a tissue
C a cell
D an organ
(LS.2b)
30. What is the most obvious difference between plant and animal cells?
A Animal cells have a stiff cell wall which plant cells lack.
B Plant cells have no nucleus, which animal cells have.
C Only animal cells have energy- producing mitochondria.
D Plant cells have a stiff cell wall, which animal cells lack.
(LS.2b)
31. Chlorophyll is found in what part of the plant cell?
A chloroplast
B mitochondrion
C vacuole
D nucleus
(LS.2a)
32. A unicellular organism is composed of:
A one organelle.
B many cells.
C just one cell.
D no complete cells.
(LS.3a)
33. Which one is in the proper order?
A tissue  cell  organ  system
B system  cell  organ  tissue
C organ  tissue  cell  system
D cell  tissue  organ  system
(LS.3b)
34. Diffusion takes place because molecules do which of the following?
A grow
B change
C shrink
D move
(LS.4c)
35. What is the primary source of energy for all living things?
A the moon
B the air
C the sun
D Earth
(LS.4c)
36. Organisms receive signals that cause them to react. What are these signals
known as?
A responses
B signals
C movements
D stimuli
(LS.4b)
37. Twenty mice are kept in a five- gallon aquarium. They are given plenty of food
and water each day. Some mice soon begin to die. What basic need is NOT
being supplied?
A gases
B shelter
C living space
D food
(LS.6a)
38. The process of photosynthesis uses light energy to change water and carbon
dioxide into which of the following?
A glucose and oxygen
B water and protein
C carbon dioxide and fats
D light and heat
(LS.6a)
39. Which of the following is produced during photosynthesis for use in storing
energy?
A ADP
B ACTH
C lactose
D glucose
(LS.6a)
40. The process by which water and carbon dioxide are produced is known as:
A respiration.
B digestion.
C excretion.
D metabolism.