Download 22.3 Earth`s Moon

Block 1-3
List of work due on 9/19 even classes
9/20 odd classes
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7.
Wcw
22.2
22.3
23.1
23.2
23.3
23.4
WCW paper
Warm-up 9/11even 9/12odd
Describe Light.
Warm-up 9/13 even 9/16 odd
Explain the term Eclipse.
Critical thinking
Explain a graph type.
Critical Thinking
Describe a shadow
Wrap-up
Describe the difference between
Independent and dependent
variables
Independent- can be changed
Dependent- changes with no control
Wrap-up
Describe why we don’t see many
eclipses.
Warm-up 9/17 even 9/18 odd
 Name the first four planets
(Terrestrial planets) MVEM
 Name the next four planets
(Jovian planets) JSUN
Warm-up 9/19 even 9/20 odd
Critical thinking
Explain the main differences
between the Terrestrial and Jovian
planets.
Critical Thinking
Wrap-up
Explain how the Solar system was
created.
Planetary nebulae- contracted to
form planets and moons
Wrap-up
22.2 The Earth-Moon Sun System
Key concepts
1. In what ways does Earth move?
Rotation around the axis, Revolution around the Sun, Precession=wobble
2. What causes the phases of the moon?
The connection between the Earth/Moon orbits
The Earth blocks some of the Sun light
3. Why are eclipses relatively rare events? The angle of the moon and sun compared to Earth
Vocabulary:
Rotation
Perihelion
Apogee
Solar Eclipse
Revolution
Aphelion
Phases of the Moon
Lunar Eclipse
Precession
Perigee
Graphic organizer
Eclipses occur when
The moon comes between
a. The Earth comes between
earth and the sun.
the Moon and the sun.
Such an event is called a
b. Solar eclipse
c. Lunar eclipse
Assessment pg. 629
1. Revolve, rotate, and precession
2. Years, Day and night, hours of the day
3. Position of the Moon with respect to the Sun
4. Waxing crescent is growing
Waning crescent is shrinking
5. Eclipse occur during full or new moons only due to the sphere shape of the moon
6. Sun, Moon, Earth = Solar Eclipse
Sun, Earth, Moon = Lunar Eclipse
22.3 Earth’s Moon
Key Concepts
1. What processes create surface features on the moon?
Craters are formed by meteors, mare are formed by cooling magma
2. How did the moon form?
A larger object impacted the Earth, breaking off some of the crust
Vocabulary
crater
Ray
Mare
Rille
Lunar-regolith
Graphic Organizer
Mars- Size
body
Impacted
Earth
Huge
quantities of
crust and
mantle were
ejected into
space
The debris
began
orbiting
Earth.
Debris
united to
form the
moon
Assessment p.634
1. Craters form from the impact of rapidly moving debris.
2. When asteroids punctuated the lunar surface, letting magma bleed out
3. A Mars-sized object collided with Earth Huge quantities of crust and mantle were
ejected into space. The debris began orbiting Earth and eventually united to form the
moon.
4. Of the four spheres, the atmosphere hydrosphere, and biosphere are absent, or
nearly absent, on the moon. Because the moon lacks these spheres, processes such as
chemical weathering, erosion, soil formation weather in general, and sedimentation are
all absent.
5. Erosion and subduction have removed most craters from Earth’s surface .
23.1 The Solar System
Key Concepts
1. How do terrestrial planets differ from Jovian planets?
Terrestrial = rock Jovian = gas
2. How did the solar system form?
PLANETARY NEBULAE
Vocabulary Terrestrial planet -first 4 planets mainly rock
 Jovian planet -last four planets
 Nebula -cloud of dust and gas
 Planetesimal -begining planet
Graphic Organizer -Flowchart on the formation of the Solar Sys
Cloud of Dust
and Gas
Rotating
a. The sun
formed at the
center of a disk.
b. Matter
collided to
form
planetesimals.
c.
Planetesimals
eventually
grow into
planets.
Assessment p.648
1. Terrestrial: Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars
Jovian: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
2. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
3. The terrestrial planets are small and rocky. The Jovian planets are gas giants.
4. A nebula is a cloud of dust and gas in space.
5. In the inner solar system, close to the sun, temperatures were so high that only metals and
silicate minerals could form solid grains. Thus, the inner planets grew mainly from substances
with high melting points. In the outer reaches of the solar system, it was cold enough for ices of
water and other substances to form. Consequently, the Jovian planets grew not only from
accumulations of solid bits of material but also from large quantities of gases and ices.
6. According to the nebular theory, the sun and planets formed from a rotating disk of dust and
gases.
7. Sample answer:
If Earth’s orbit were outside the orbit of Mars, the extreme cold would freeze all water and only
ice would exist. With only frozen water, there would be no precipitation, runoff, or infiltration—
the water cycle and life itself would not exist.
23.2 Terrestrial Planets
Key concepts
1. What are the distinguishing characteristics of each terrestrial planet?
Mercury hottest
Venus most volcanic and tectonic activity
Earth most life
Mars dust storms
Graphic Organizer
The red planet
Mars
a. Explored by rovers
b.numerous large volcanoes
Assessmentp.653
1. Mercury
2. Venus is similar to Earth in size, density, mass, and location in the solar system.
3. Mercury has the greatest temperature extremes of any planet. Venus shows evidence of recent
volcanic and tectonic activity. Earth is the only place where water exists in all three states. Mars
experiences extensive dust storms and high winds.
4. Volcanoes, sand dunes, and large canyons
5. Sample answer: Mars may have been the most able to support life because it may have had
liquid water on its surface.
6. Venus’s atmosphere is mainly made up of carbon dioxide, which traps radiation so the heat
cannot escape.
23.3 The Outer Planets
Key Concepts
1. What characteristics distinguish each outer planet?
number of moons and their size
Graphic Organizer
Outer
Characteristics
Planets
Jupiter
Largest most mass,
great red spot
a. Saturn
b. largest ring
system
c. Uranus
d. axis tilted more
than 90°
e. Neptune
f. winds exceed
1000 km
per hour
If you want
g. Pluto
h. orbit is highly
eccentric
Assessment p.659
1. Jupiter is the largest planet. Neptune/Pluto is the smallest.
2. a cyclonic storm
3. Sample answer: Jupiter is the largest planet. Saturn has an amazing ring system. Uranus’s axis
of rotation is nearly parallel with the plane of its orbit. Neptune is one of the windiest places in
the solar system. Pluto is small and cold with a very eccentric orbit.
4. Titan and Triton are the only moons in the solar system with significant atmospheres.
5. Io is volcanically active, just like Earth. Neptune’s moon Triton is also volcanically active.
6. A giant impact may have changed Uranus’s spin.
7. Sample answer: Further study is likely required to determine if our definition of a planet still
applies to Pluto.
23.4 Minor Members of the Solar System
Key Concepts
Where are most asteroids
located?
What is the structure of a
comet?
What is the origin of most
meteoroids?
Vocabulary and Graphic organizer are the same
Vocab
Definition
Asteroid
a. small rocky body
b. comet
c. body made up of rocky and metallic
materials held together by frozen gases
d. coma
e. glowing head of a comets
f. meteoroid
g. small solid particle that travels
through space
h. meteor
i. meteoroid that enters Earth’s
atmosphere and burns up
j. meteorite
k. meteoroid that reaches Earth’s surface
Assessment p. 664
1. Most asteroids lie between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
2. A comet is made up of frozen gases and pieces of rocky and metallic materials. As the
comet approaches the sun, vaporizing gases produce a glowing head called a coma. Within
the coma, a small glowing nucleus is sometimes present. Most comets have long tails.
3. Short-period comets come from the Kuiper belt. Long-period comets come from the Oort
cloud.
4. Most meteoroids originate from:
(1) Interplanetary debris that was not gravitationally swept up by the planets during the
formation of the solar system, (2) material form the asteroid belt, or (3) the solid remains of
comets that once traveled near Earth’s orbit.
5. Meteoroids are small solid particles traveling through space. Meteors are meteoroids that enter
Earth’s atmosphere and burn up. Meteorites are meteoroids that strike Earth’s surface.
6. Sample answer: There would be a huge meteor shower.